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IN THE

DIPLOMATIC
SERVICE.

FRENCH GRAMMAR.

Time allowed 2 hours.

1. Ecrivez le pluriel des substantifs-le succès, le neveu, la voix, le nez, le bijou, le clou, le canal, le bal, le détail.

2. Donnez le féminin correspondant aux substantifs masculins-Dieu, héros, ambassadeur, gouverneur, chanteur, pécheur, pêcheur,

compagnon.

3. Dans quel sens doit-on employer les substantifs suivants tantôt au masculin et tantôt au féminin: aigle, couple, enfant, foudre, hymne.

4. Expliquez la règle concernant le mot quelque, selon qu'il est suivi d'un verbe ou d'un adjectif, et citez des exemples de chaque cas. 5. Donnez par des exemples la distinction qu'il faut établir entre les prépositions vers et envers, avant et devant.

6. Rendez en Français la phrase suivante :

Your country house is one of the best situated that I have seen; it reminds me of that beautiful place where I stopped and the delightful gardens I have passed through.

7. Donnez les temps primitifs des verbes suivants: vouloir, boire, valoir, ouvrir, envoyer.

EUCLID, BOOK I.

Time allowed, 1 hours.

1. Define a circle, a rhombus, parallel straight lines, and write out Euclid's postulates.

2. From a given point draw a straight line equal to a given straight

line.

3. Describe a triangle having its sides equal to three given straight lines. What condition is required in order that this may be possible? Show how the construction will fail if the condition is not observed.

4. Parallelograms upon the same base and between the same parallels are equal to one another.

5. In any right-angled triangle the square which is described upon the side subtending the right angle is equal to the squares described upon the sides which contain the right angle.

CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY (BLACKSTONE AND HALLAM).
Time allowed, 3 hours.

1. What were the chief provisions of Magna Charta? What evils was
Magna Charta intended to remedy? Account for its frequent
confirmations.

2. When was the first Parliament in a complete form summoned?
What traces of a representative system are to be found previously?
3. Show the importance in constitutional history of the reign of
Richard the Second.

4. How is the present liberty of a British subject protected?
5. Give a brief sketch of the English law regarding aliens, denizens,
and naturalised subjects.

6. Notice any occasions on which the two Houses of Parliament came
into collision in the 17th century.

7. Give a history of villenage.

8. What purpose was served by impeachments? How are impeach

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IN THE

ments conducted? Notice some of the contested points in the DIPLOMATIC law regarding impeachments.

9. How is the independence of judges and juries secured?

10. Describe the machinery and political consequences of local selfgovernment in England.

POLITICAL HISTORY (1815-1860).

Time allowed, 3 hours.

1. Give an account of affairs in France from the Second Peace (1815) to the death of Louis XVIII. (1824).

2. What was the origin of the Greek insurrection (1820)? Under what circumstances was the battle of Navarino fought (1827), and what were the motives and objects of the protecting powers in the settlement they made?

3. Give an account of the war between Russia and Turkey which terminated in the Peace of Adrianople (1829).

4. Describe the military operations of Espartero which preceded and led to the convention of Vergara.

5. Compare the policy, foreign and domestic, of M. Thiers with that of M. Guizot.

6. What causes led to the collapse of the National Movement in Germany in 1848 ?

7. When and how was Belgium made a separate kingdom?

8. What were the chief incidents of the Polish insurrection (1830-32)? 9. Write a biography of the Emperor Nicholas.

POLITICAL ECONOMY (ADAM SMITH AND MILL).

Time allowed, 3 hours.

1. What conditions must an article fulfil in order to have an exchange value?

2. Notice some of the effects of converting circulating into fixed capital.

3. Is the profit arising from capital spent in improving land properly

spoken of as rent?

4. What are the causes which determine the price of agricultural produce?

5. Which is more profitable, production on a large scale or production on a small scale, and why?

6. Under what circumstances and to what extent is there a premium on bills of exchange?

7. What would be the effect if the issue of bank notes were discontinued in England?

8. Is it true that a nation the imports of which greatly exceed the exports must be living on its capital?

9. How is equality of taxation best secured?

10. What was meant by the Mercantile Theory? In what particulars

was it erroneous?

SERVICE.

THIRD SECRETARY

IN THE

DIPLOMATIC
SERVICE.

IX.-PAPERS SET TO A THIRD SECRETARY IN THE
DIPLOMATIC SERVICE NOMINATED FOR EXAMINA-
TION FOR A SPECIAL CERTIFICATE IN PUBLIC
LAW.

PUBLIC LAW.*

PAPER I.

1. Is the tendency of the authority of International Law to grow stronger or weaker?

2. A recent Act of Parliament has given English Tribunals jurisdiction over all ships passing through English territorial waters. If a foreign State protested against this Act as infringing International Law, what books and documents would it be proper to study in order to frame a reply on behalf of England?

3. In what ways does the constitution of the German Empire affect its international relations?

4. Examine the origin, history, and consequences of the capitulations with the Porte and its Tributaries.

5. Give instances showing when a government ought, and when it ought not, to interfere to protect its subjects abroad.

6. Give a summary of the present English Law with regard to naturali

zation.

7. What steps must a Frenchman who wishes to be married in England take in order that his marriage here may be treated as valid in France?

8. If an Englishman residing in Paris made there a holograph will, would his property in England pass under it?

PAPER II.

9. What is the rule of International Law as to the position of neutral vessels sailing under an enemy's convoy?

10. Are there any recognised limits to the right of a belligerent to levy contributions and requisitions on the inhabitants of an invaded country?

11. Give examples of cases in which the local jurisdiction prevails over a foreign ship of war.

12. What is now recognised as the proper mode of treating Prisoners of War?

13. What are the chief points which a competent tribunal has to consider
and decide when a prize is brought before it for condemnation?
14. Give historical instances showing the circumstances and the mode
in which resort may be had to reprisals.

15. What is meant by setting forth a ship as a vessel of war?
16. "Every lawfully declared war is to be regarded as just on both
sides." What did Vattel mean by this statement?

17. Was the detention by Napoleon of the English who happened to be
in France at the opening of the war of 1803 contrary to the
rules of International Law?

*For syllabus of subjects and text books, see p. 72.

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CORRESPONDENCE.

HOME CIVIL SERVICE.

LOWER DIVISION.

Appointment of Lower Division Clerks for temporary Duty.

LOWER DIVISION.

The Secretary, Civil Service Commission, to the Secretary, Treasury.
SIR,

31st January 1878. THE Civil Service Commissioners having lately been called upon to supply, in accordance with Clause 9 of the Order in Council of 12th February 1876, a clerk of the Lower Division for "temporary duty" until 31st March next, I am directed to inquire, for their guidance in dealing with similar applications, whether it is the intention of the Lords of the Treasury that the time spent in such temporary duty shall be reckoned as part of the period in respect of which the triennial increments of salary authorised by Clause 13 of the Order are to be paid.

This question, it will readily be seen, is material to the action of this Board and to the convenience of the Departments requiring the temporary services of Lower Division clerks; for unless the time referred to is to be thus reckoned, the Commissioners would feel bound, in justice to the clerk, to withdraw him from the Department in which he might be serving if, before the completion of his service therein, his turn should arrive for receiving a permanent appointment in the order of his name on the list. This course, which would, no doubt, cause some embarrassment to the Department concerned, the Commissioners would not deem it necessary to follow if his continued service in a temporary capacity placed him at no disadvantage, but they would appoint him to the next vacancy which might occur after the termination of his temporary engagement.

I have, &c.

The Secretary, Treasury, to the Civil Service Commissioners.
MY LORD AND GENTLEMEN,

7th February 1878. THE Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury have had before them Mr. Mann's letter of the 31st ultimo, stating that you have lately been called upon to supply, in accordance with Clause 9 of the Order in Council of the 12th February 1876, a clerk of the Lower Division for temporary duty until the 31st March next, and inquiring whether the time spent in such temporary duty is to be reckoned as part of the period in respect of which the triennial increments of salary authorised by Clause 13 of the Order are to be paid.

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