duct of the ftory: it is broken into too many feparate adven. tures; and contending interefts often extinguifh each other. As a pastoral, it is diftinguished by fimplicity and tenderness. The tuneful fhepherd occafionally chaunts his lays, and relieves the continued narrative, yet we ftill feel the improbability attending defcriptions of this mode of life: why are the rural manners fo enchantingly displayed or rather, why cannot they be realized? The following is agreeable; it is more; every fibre of a tender heart will throb in unifon. It was now time to return to the village: every shepherdess had the arm of her obfequious fwain. Whether it was hazard or address I know not, but Artidorus had my hand. We walked on in filence, without daring to look on one another; but each of us watched for the moment that the other's eyes were averted, to fteal a glance; and if ever they happened to meet, our looks were inftantaneously faftened to the ground. At laft I said to him; Artidorus, the few days you give us of your company will feem years to you, if you have left your heart behind you in your own village. I would joyfully give all I ever poffeffed, replied he, that thefe happy days might not end but with my life-Then you are very fond of holyday making ?-Ah, fhepherdefs, I little care for the holydays. He fighed . . He ardently fqueezed . I fighed too my hand; I doubt I did not return the token. We were interrupted by old Eleuco, whofe propofals were ever attended to with refpect. He wished us to fing a roundelay, that we might return to the village with as much chearfulness as we had left it. I not reluctantly yielded to the intreaty that was then made to me; and was happy in an opportunity of giving fome advice to Artidorus. This was the roundelay I fung, while my locks were addreffed to him alone. Would you be a happy lover? Love in vain we would expofe, If your paffion you would prove, One word the prize has often loft If your paffion you would prove, • Make your heart your confidante, If your paffion you would prove, Artidorus and Theolinda are feparated, and their meeting is of a different kind; we fhall tranfcribe it, as a fpecimen of our author's defcriptive talents in other scenes. • To arrive at the palm tree rivulet it was neceffary to quit the banks of the Tagus, and traverse fome hills covered with woods. Elicio's dog, which that day was not allowed to follow Galatea, had remained in the village. He faw fome shepherds on their return, but not perceiving either his mafter or his mif trefs, he fet off to meet them, and found them as they were entering into the wood. After having repeatedly run from one group to the other, fawning by turns on Galatea and Elicio, he wandered before them amongst the trees, and raised a young fawn, which he eagerly flew in pursuit of. The timid creature fcudded before him, and paffed by the thepherdeffes. Fear gave him ftrength; and he at last arrived, without being caught, at a cavern, into which he rushed. The dog followed him. Galatea cried out to fave the fawn. Every body ran to the entrance of the cave: but Elicio had already been in after the dog. Tircis, Damon, and the two friends, were begging the Thepherdeffes not to be uneafy, and expecting every moment to fee Galatea's lover return with the fawn in his arms, when a dreadful noise was heard in the cave at length they faw Elicio appear, grappling with a man of horrible afpect: he was covered with miferable fhreds; a black and thick beard hid the half of his vifage; his long knotted hair itrayed diforderly on his shoulders; his nervous and naked arms preffed Elicio, in order to fmother him. The fhepherd, not lefs vigorous, repelled with his left hand the fhaggy breaft of the favage, and with his right, bound round in the hair of his enemy, he drew his fierce head painfully back. Both, in filence, with blazing eyes fixed on each other, and intertwifting limbs, mutually ftrove to dash one another on the rock. Elicio's dog was taken up with a hind, that, going betwixt the fawn and him, faved the young one, by butting boldly off their common enemy. Tircis, Damon, and the two friends, flew to feparate the combatants. Timbrio laid hold of the favage; all his ftrength was scarce enough to restrain his fury: but Theolinda by this time had been loft in a swoon, and the shepherdeffes were busy in in affifting her. The favage chanced to throw his eyes on her; he inftantly flood motioniefs, his horrid eyes fixed on her pale countenance. Suddenly difengaging himfelf from Timbrio's arms, he feized on the fawn, fell on his knees before Theolinda, and prefented it to her with a kind of tender fubmiffion.. The fhepherdess had hardly recovered her fenfes, when she flew into the arms of the favage! Ah, 'tis thou, exclaimed fae, Artidorus, my dear Artidorus! thou haft not then forgotten thy loved Theolinda! At the name of Theolinda, Artidorus changed colour: he rofe, and looking wildly at the fhepherdess -Theolinda! faid he-fhe deceived me!-I remember herIs the here? Do you know her? Yes, anfwered the fhepherdefs, with a trembling voice; fhe is here; fhe lives for thee alone. Harkee, faid Artidorus, interrupting her with a low voice, you must bring me to her; I mean to upbraid her for her perfidy, and tell her I do not any longer love her: then we fhall return, and inhabit my cavern; you shall be my friend, and I will give you my fawn. Theolinda, by this discourse, faw that anxiety and grief had robbed the unfortunate Artidorus of his reafon; fhe looked at him; fhe wept; and preffing his hand to her heart, in the tenderest manner, indeed I will, the faid; I will never more leave you; to the laft hour of my life, I will live with you. I hope I fhall convince you that Theolinda was not guilty. Saying this, fhe took an arm of Artidorus, and drew him on with her towards the palm-tree rivulet. The hind and the fawn followed them, the other thepherds went at fome little distance, impatient to know how this adventure fhould end.' We need fcarcely inform our readers of the termination. Artidorus recovers his reafon; and the whole ends happily, by mutual explanations. This is not, however, the principal ftory; we have felected it, as it affords different kinds of defcription, and confequently a more varied fpecimen of the author's abilities. We have already hinted, that no one story is brought forward fo far as to form a principal object, to fix the attention, or strongly intereft the reader. On this account, we shall give no analysis of the feveral adventures. The fecond volume contains Characteristic Romances, viz. feparate adventures, fuppofed to characterife the manners of different nations. They difplay the author's fancy in a more friking light than the Galatea; nor are they lefs powerful proofs of his tenderness and humanity. We regret that he has applied no feries of adventures to difcriminate the Englishman. On the whole, we thank the translator for his pleasing prefent, which will add to the stock of at least harmless, probably profitable, amufement. Hißory IN Hiftory of Ancient Greece. (Concluded, from page 169.) 'N the beginning of the fecond volume we meet with a ftriking inftance of that rhetorical and exubérant style, which we remarked in the conclufion of our former review of this work. Speaking of the difafters which befel the Athenians at Syracuse, In one rafh enterprise, says the author, they loft their army, their fleet, the prudence of their expe- rienced generals, and the flourishing vigour of their manly youth.' A writer, untainted with affectation, would have expreffed this idea, plainly, by the flower of their youth; but Dr. Gillies, miftaking falfe ornament for fplendor, betrays in hiftorical compofition that vitiated tafte which is always fond of deviating from fimplicity of style, and has been reprobated by every judicious critic. Another species of affectation, but perhaps more excufable than the former, there are innumerable opportunities of observing in the course of this work; we mean that of an acquaintance with the Greek language. Dr. Gillies, not content with referring to the authority of ancient writers, almoft always quotes the paffage, however unimportant, and though the words admit of no ambiguity. This is an expedient fa common with the unlearned, and at the fame time fo pedantic, that it ought to be very fparingly used by every writer who would avoid the fufpicion of being a fmatterer. The blemish which we now cenfure is neceffarily confined to the notes; but the text is too intimately connected with them to efcape the infection. When the words of ancient writers are cited by a historian, we might expect that, whatever were his own propensity to depart from the natural modes of expreffion, he would at least be careful to deliver their ideas with accuracy. Even in this respect, however, we are forry to find the author before us extremely deficient. Let the following inftance serve as an example. Arrian fays, Ον γινωσκοντες τα οντα, τα μαλιτα καθ' ndovny opioiv sixažov. Vol. ii. p. 569. The plain fenfe of this paffage is, that, not knowing what had happened, they conjectured what was most agreeable to them. But Dr. Gillies, with that affected elegance which characterifes his interpretations, gives the version in this manner: not knowing the truth, hope regulated their conjectures.' Short as is this fentence, we cannot avoid obferving, that it is fo inartificially constructed, as scarcely to be confiftent with the rules of grammar. For the words not knowing,' instead of referring to people, which is the idea in the original, can, with propriety of fyntax, be only applied to hope. VOL. LXI. April, 1786. The tragical fate of Socrates is a confpicuous event in the Grecian hiftory, and this author has related it with the circumstances ufually mentioned; but we are surprised to find that, on an occafion fo worthy of the panegyrical talents of a hiftorian, he has entirely omitted to delineate the character of this celebrated perfon. Dr. Gillies, by a prepofterous arrangement of the work, had anticipated this fubject, though very imperfectly, in the firft volume, and thereby precluded him. felf from drawing the moral portrait of the Grecian fage, in that part where alone it could be introduced with propriety, or difplayed to the greatest advantage. This mifconduct is the more remarkable, as he, in many places, affects peculiar regard to the difpofition of the objects which he describes ; often mentioning, with apparent complacency, the lights, the fhades, and the back-grounds of his pictures. To relieve the attention of our readers, we fhall lay before them a fpecimen, taken from one of the most memorable periods, and beft executed parts of the work. During this long feries of triumphs, Lyfander never loft fight of the reduction of Athens; an object not only useful but neceffary to the completion of his defigns. The vigilance of the Peloponnefian fquadrons prevented the ufual fupplies of foreign grain from reaching the diftreffed city. In all the towns which furrendered, or which were taken by form, the Athenian garrisons were faved from immediate death, only on condition that they returned to their native country. By fuch contrivances the crafty Spartan expected that the scarcity of provifions would foon compel the growing multitude of inhabitants to fubmit to the Lacedæmonian army at Decelia. But the Athenians, who despised the affaults of the enemy, braved the hardships of famine. Even after Lyfander had blocked up their harbours with an hundred and fifty fail, they ftill defended, with vigour, their walls and ramparts; patiently endured fatigue and hunger; and beheld, with obftinate unconcern, the affliction of their wives and children. Amidst the ravages of death and difeafe, which advanced with increafing horror, they punished, with the utmoft feverity, the ignoble cowardice of Archeftratus, who first mentioned capitulation, and declared that the fame moment fhould put an end to their independence and their lives. But notwithstanding the melancholy firmnefs of the popular affembly, a numerous and powerful party in the state was governed rather by intereft than by honour; and the greatest enemies of Athenian liberty flourished in the bofom of the republic. The aristocratical leven of the four hundred had infected the whole body of the fenate; and not only the inconflant Theramenes, but feveral other men of abilities and influ ence, |