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theological faculty in Hallé, as well as of their zeal to walk according to the gospel, and to instruct the youths committed to their charge, in the practice of it, both in life and doctrine; and he forbad with all earnestness, Lutheran preachers particularly in Magdeburg and the circumjacent country, from indulging, with unbecoming and blind zeal, in invective against the fictitious names of pietists, perfectionists, modern saints, &c. In Hallé itself, when the affair was terminated, a thanksgiving prayer was read from every pulpit, Dr. Fischer also preached a pacific discourse upon the occasion, and a little pamphlet appeared, written by Dr. Biek, the syndic of the city, under the title of PAX VOBIS.

Although no inward unanimity could possibly be effected between the two parties by this compromise, yet the city clergy clearly perceived, that it was the most prudent to yield to circumstances. In process of time, vacancies occurred, which were filled up by those, who not only cherished no animosity towards Franké, whose life and conduct when closely regarded, could not fail to compel every unprejudiced mind to veneration-but who even stood in some respects, in very intimate connection with him. At length, Franké himself, and his son-in-law Freylinghausen, entered in 1715, and his son, Gotth. Aug. Franké in 1723, into the number of the city clergy. At Franké's decease, in 1727, there only remained two of his former opponents, who had become so probably through the influence of their elder and more reputable colleagues, one of whom, John George Franké, no relative however, of the subject of this memoir, preached his funeral sermon in the capacity of superintendent and member of the con

sistory, which is full of encomiums upon the deceased, whom he terms a divine who had deserved well of the whole Lutheran church. The city clergy collectively expressed their sentiments on this event, in a Poem, which begins with the following words, addressing the deceased.

Thou chosen friend of God, beloved of his Son,

His joy and glory thou, until thy course was run-
To pastures green and fair thou didst conduct his sheep,
And for the church's weal a watchful eye didst keep.

In 1706, Franké again had a dispute with his opponents at a distance. When Charles XII, King of Sweden, marched into Saxony with his army, some of Franké's writings found their way into the Swedish camp, and were afterwards translated into that language. Dr. Mayer was now sore afraid, lest pietism should also insinuate itself into Sweden, and therefore published in the same year, "A Swedish divine's account of the Pietists." This work appeared in the form of question and answer; and the first question was, "What are pietists ?" Answer. "Enthusiasts, who under a specious appearance of godliness, persecute the pure and true Lutheran religion, overturn its sacred foundations, and the doctrines emanating from it, as well as laudable and highly necessary regulations which are in accordance with the word of God; open a wide door to heretics, take their part and defend them, and grant every one liberty to believe whatever he pleases; whilst with their appearance of sanctity, they captivate poor souls, who notwithstanding their evident falsifications and deceptions, like the idols of the heathen, have eyes and see not, ears have they, and hear not; but closely follow the footsteps of their seducers,

and hasten with them to everlasting perdition.' From such a commencement, the remaining contents of the work may be inferred. The last question is, "Where has God the Holy Spirit described every kind of pietists in the Holy Scriptures ? Answer 2 Tim. iii. 1-9. At the close, (as a proof how readily the adversaries of vital religion take refuge with the civil power, in order to maintain their impotent cause) the royal edict is added, against those fanatics, who insinuate themselves under the name of piety," to which number, according to Mayer's erroneous conceptions, Franké also belonged.

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Although none of the divines of Hallé were mentioned by name in this production of Mayer's, except Franké, yet the latter did not reply to it as for himself; but the whole theological faculty of Hallé published in 1706, a defence against it, written in reality by Breithaupt. Mayer's account is therein very strikingly answered seriatim. Mayer had thrown Dippel, Petersen, Franké, and others, all into one class, and had branded them collectively with the name of pietists. The faculty of Hallé warmly censured this in particular, and observed, that what Dippel, Petersen, &c. had maintained, had no reference to them; they had earnestly and zealously rejected the objectionable tenets of such people, and again asserted, that they by no means'approved of such things, but on the contrary regarded them as erroneous and offensive. They expressed their sentiments also, once more, against the use of the term pietist; and observed, that “in the present day, the powers of darkness have broken out with such violence, that Satan has succeeded in making piety and the fear of God itself into a word of reproach, which is a most

heavy judgment; since by the obscurity caused by this infernal subterfuge, people may very easily take a disgust at real godliness, since even in christian countries, to their shame and reproach be it spoken, it is construed into something evil. ... We therefore urgently beseech all, who are desirous of faithfully promoting the cause of Jesus Christ, and especially divines, to take to heart what indescribable mischief is caused by the appellation of pietist, and assist to their utmost ability in expelling it.... If they that are innocent are thus reviled, the Holy Spirit is then grieved that dwells in them, and many others are offended. But if hypocrites are denoted by it, it is an abuse, and they are not worthy to have the name of being godly; but it is better that they be called hypocrites, as they are. But if mistaken people are intended to be described, it is easy to do so according to the circumstances of the case." At the close of the work, the faculty again affirm, that they cherish no hatred or hostility against Dr. Mayer or any other person, and have written the defence for the truth's sake, nor do they intend in future to enter into dispute with any one, for "the churches of God have no such custom." (1 Cor. xi. 16.) “But should,” they add, "other things be subsequently written elsewhere, which are contrary to the word of God and the doctrines of the gospel, or any disorder be caused by others, here or elsewhere, we now protest, both for the present and the future, against such things being imputed to us, and that no defence and reply must be expected from us respecting them, since we are not under obligation to do so."

Scarcely had this reply of the theological faculty in Hallé appeared, when Dr. Mayer published his

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Recepisse, or acknowledgment of having duly received the reply of the theological faculty of Hallé :” which was rapidly followed by his " Hasty remarks on what is termed the reply of the theological faculty of Hallé;" (which pamphlet however, was only published in his name, but of which consistorialassessor Janson of Oldenburg, a friend of his, is said to have been the author,) and by his “ mild and complete answer to the very violent and totally groundless reply of the theological faculty of Hallé," as also by 66 a further continuation of the mild reply," and a new edition of his dissertation De lenitate Melancthonis, with the addition in gratiam facultatis theologica Halensis, all in the year 1707; and John C. Wolf supported him also by a work entitled, Absurda Halensia, as an attack upon the theological faculty of Hallé; but the latter took no notice of any of them.

Franké himself had taken no direct part in this controversy, however he fell at the same time again into a dispute with Mayer. The latter had published in Griefswald, a disputation, De nova atque abominanda pietistarum trinitate, in which he comprehended Butler's faction amongst the pietists. When Franké heard further particulars respecting this faction, from a friend in Ratisbon, he declared, in an answer to him, dated Feb. 25, 1706, not only his abhorrence of it, but also expressed his displeasure at the ignoble artifice of Dr. Mayer, in applying the name of pietist to such a society, and thus placing them, with Spener, and himself, in one and the same class.

He was requested in the same year, by a foreign divine, since the orthodoxy of the theological faculty

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