interest as is denoted by the given number of days; or employ the Rule of Three. The amount is found by adding the principal and interest together. EXAMPLES. 1. What is the interest of £423 for 1 year at 7 per cent.? 2. What is the int. of £240 6, 61. for 3 years at 6 per ct.? 3. Wha is the int, of £403 13s. for 2 years at 5 per ct.? 4. What is the int. of £640 for 1 year at 8 per et.? 5. What is the int. of £430 10s. for 2 years at 7 per ct. 6. What is the int. of £185 1s. 3d, for 4 years at 6 per ct.? 7. What is the int. of £864 16s. for 5 years at 44 per ct.? 8. What is the int. of £763 for 4 months at 7 per ct.? 9. What is the int. of E940 4s, for 6 mo. at 6 per et.? 10. What is the int. of £243 2. for 5 mo, at 8 per ct.? 11. What is the int. of £195 16s. for 7 mo. at 6 per ct.? 12 What is the int. of £425 7s. for 9 mo, at 6 per ct.? 13. A 7 per cent. what is the int. of £738 for 1 year and 2 months? 14. A 6 per ct. what is the in. of £894 for 1 year and 8 mo.? 15. At 7 per et. what is the amount of £926 for 6 mo. ? 16. At 7 par ct. what is the amt. of £648 for 2 mo. 15 days? 17. At 6 per et. what is the amt. of £1,000 for 1 mo. 11 days? 18. At 5 per ct. what is the amt. of £1.565 9s. 6d. for 3 mo. 19. At 6 per ct. what is the amt. of £872 for 4 mo.? 20. What is the int. of £681 for 10 days at 6 per ct.? 21. What is the int, of £483 4s. 6d. for 15 days at 7 per ct.? 22. What is the int. of £569 9s. for 20 days at 6 per ct. P 23. What is the amt. of £95 for 1 year and 6 mo. at 5 per ct.? 24. What is the amt. of £148 for 8 mo. 12 days at 6 per ct,? 25. What is the amt. of £700 for 30 days at 7 per ct.? 26 What is the int. of £340 for 60 days at 54 per ct.? 27. What is the int. of £4,685 for 90 days at 6 per ct.? 28. What is the amt. of £3,293 for 30 days at 7 per ct.? 29. What is the amt of £5,265 for 15 days at 6 per et.? 30. What is the int of £8,310 for 10 days at 7 per ct.? 31. What is the int. of £50,625 for 21 days at 7 per et.? 32. What is the amt. of £65,256 for 4 mo, at 7 per ct. 33. What is the amt. of £156 15s. for 1 year and 4 mo. at 5 per cent.? 31. What is the int. of £275 12s. 6d. for 1 year at 7 per ct.? 35. What is the int. of £89 7s. 6d. for 2 years at 5 per ct.? 36. What is the int. of £500 for 6 mo. at 5 per ct.? 37. What is the amt. of £1.825 10s. for 8 mo. at 6 per ct.? 38. What is the amt. of £2,000 for 10 years at 4 per ct.? PROBLEMS IN INTEREST. -It will be observed that there are four parts or terms connected with each of the preceding operations, viz.: the prin cipal, the rate per cent., the time, and the interest, or the amount. Theee parts or terms have such a relation to each other, that if any three of them are given, the other may be found. The questions, therefore, which may arise in interest are numerous; but they may be reduced to a few general principles or problems. Analysis.-The interest of £80 at 1 per cent. for 1 year is £% or 16s. consequently for 5 years it is 5 times as much, and 16s. X 5 = £4. Now since £4 is 1 per cent, on the prin cipai for the given time, £36 must be 3 of 1 per cent. which is equal to 9 per cent. Or, we may reason thus: Since £4 is 1 per cent. on the principal for the given time, £36 must be as many per cent. as £4 is contained times in £36; and £36÷49. Ans. 9 per cent. Proof.-£80 X 09 = £7.20. the interest of £80 for 1 year at 9 per cent., and £7 20 × 5 – £36 00, the interest for 5 years, which is equal to the sum paid. Hence, To find the rate per cent. when the principal, interest and time are given. Divide the given interest by the interest of the principal at 1 per cent, for the given time, and the quotient will be the required per cent. Or, find the interest of the principal at 1 per cent, for the given time; then make theinterest thus found the denominator, and the given interest the numerator of a common fraction; reduce this fraction to a whole or mixed number, and the result will be the rate per cent, required. is the rate per cent? 2. If I lend £500 for 2 years, and receive £50 interest, what Ans. 5 per cent. 3. A man borrowed £620 for 8 month-, and paid £24 16s. for the use of it: what per cent. interest did he pay? 1. At what per cent. interest must £2,350 be lent to gain £47 in 4 months? 5. At what per cent. interest must £1,925 be lent to gain £154 in 1 year. 6. A man has £12,000, from which he receives £900 interest annually: how much per cent, is that? 7. A man deposited £2,600, in a bank, and received £143 interest annually: how much per cent, was that? 8. A man invested £4,500 in the London and Westminster Bak, and received a half-yearly dividend of £157 10s: how much per cent. was the dividend? 9. A man paid £1,625 for a house, and let it for £97 a year: how much per cent. did it pay? う 10. A house which cost £2,500, was rented for £125 a year: how much per cent, did it pay on the cost? 11. A capitalist invested £5,000 in manufacturing, and received a half-yearly dividend of £125: how much per cent. was his dividend? PROBLEM III. To find the PRINCIPAL, the interest, the rate per cent., and the time being given. 12. What sum must be put at interest, at 6 per cent., to gain £75 in 2 years? Analys.-The interest of £1 for 2 years at 6 per cent. (the given time and rate) is 1% of its principal £1; consequently, £75, the given interest, must be of the princip required. The question therefore resolves itself into this: £75 is % of what number of poun ? It £75 is 100, 185 is of £75, which is £6 5s; and 188 £6 5s. X 100, which is £625, the principal required. 12 A number or quantity is said to be given, when its val e is stated, or may be easily inferred from the conditions of the question under consideration, Thus, w en the principal and Or, we may reason thus: Since £ is the interest of 1 interest are known, the amount may be said to be given, be-pound for the given time and rate, 75 pounds must be the cause it is merely the sum of the principal and interest. So, interest of as many pounds for the same time and rare, as the if the principal and the amount are known, the interest may be times that is contained in 75 pounds. And £75 to said to be given, because it is the difference between the amount and the principal, PROBLEM I. To find the INTEREST, the principal, rate per cent., and the time being given. This problem embraces all the preceding examples pertaining to interest, and has already been illustrated. PROBLEM II. To find the RATE PER CENT., the principal, the interest, and the time being given., Er. 1.--A man borrowed £80 for 5 years, and paid £36 for the use of it: what was the rate per cent.? =625. Ans. £625. PROOF.-£625 × 06 = £37 50, the interest for 1 year at the given ate er cent., and £37.50 × 2= £75, the given interest. Hence, To find the principal, when the interest, rate per cent,, and time are given. Divide the given interest by the interest of £1 for the given time and rate, expressed in decimals; and the quotient will be the principa required. Or, make the interest of £1 for the given time and rate the divide the given interest by this fraction, and the quotient will be numerator, and 100 the denominator of a vulgar fraction; then the principal required. : す 13. What sum must be put out at 7 per cent. interest, to gain £63 in 6 months? 576 To find the TIME, the principal, the interest, and the rate per cent, being given. 21. A man lent £200 at 6 per cent., and received £42 interest: how long was it lent? Analysis.-The interest of £200 at 6 per cent. for 1 year is £12. Now, since £12 interest requires the principal 1 year at the given per cent., £42 interest will require the same principal of 1 year, which is equal to 3 years. Or, we may reason thus: If £12 interest requires the use of the given principal one year, £42 interest will require the same principal as many years as £12 is contained times in £42. And £42 £12 = 3·5. Ans. 3-5 years. Hence, To find the time, when the principal, interest and rate per cent. are given. Divide the given interest by the interest of the principal at the given interest for 1 year, and the quotient will be the time required. Or, make the given interest the numerator, and the interest of the principal for 1 year at the given rate the denominator of a common fraction; reduce this fraction to a whole or mixed number, and it will be the time required. If the quotient contains a decimal of a year, it should be reduced to months and days. 22. A man lent £765 10s. at 6 per cent., and received £183 14s. 4 d. interest: how long was it lent? 23. In what time will £850 gain £29 15s. at 7 per cent. per annum ? 24. A man received £136 15s. for the use of £1,820, which was 6 per cent. interest for the time: what was the time? 25. In what time will £6,280 gain £471, at 5 per cent. interest? 26. How long will it take £100, at 5 per cent., to gain £100 interest; that is, to double itself? Operation. £5)100 32. A man borrowed £15,000 at 7 per cent., and retained it till the principal and interest amounted to £25,000: how long did he have it? 33. A man lent his nephew £25,000 to go into business, and agreed to let him have it, at 5 per cent., till it amounted to £60,000 how long did he have it? COMPOUND INTEREST. Compound Interest is the interest arising not only from the principal, but also from the interest itself, after it becomes due. Compound Interest is often called interest upon interest. When interest is paid on the principal only, it is called Simple Interest. Ex. 1. What is the compound interest of £842 for 4 years, at 6 per cent.? Ans. £221-00 Compound int. for 4 years Hence, to calculate compound interest, Calculate the interest on the given principal for one year, or the specified time, and add it to the principal; then calculate the interest on this amount for the next year, or specified time, and add it to the principal as before. Proceed in this manner with each successive year of the proposed time., Finally, subtract the given principal from the last amount, and the remainder will be the compound interest. 2. What is the compound interest of £600 for 5 years at 7 per cent.? Ans. £241 10s. 7jd. 7 3. What is the compound interest of £1,260 for 5 years at per cent.? 4. What is the amount of £1,535 for 6 years at 6 per cent. compound interest? 5. What is the amount of £4,000 for 2 years at 7 per cent., The interest of £100 for 1 year, at 5 per payable half-yearly? cent., is £5. 20 Ans. 20 years, PROOF.-£100 X 05 × 20 = £100, the given principal. TABLE LESSONS IN GREEK.-No. LV. By JOHN R. BEARD, D.D. Showing in what time any given principal will double itself at any ATTRIBUTIVES, the Demonstrative Pronouns, the ARTICLE. rate, from 1 to 20 per cent. Simple Interest. AMONG attributive words of adjective signification, stand the demonstrative pronouns and the article, as well as the possessive pronouns. The demonstrative pronouns indicate the local relation borne by an object to the speaker, and so may be divided into two classes, the near (this) and the remote (tha); e.g. Demonstrative Pronouns. ,, ro, this man, this woman, this thing The near όδε, ήδε, τόδε, a strengthened form of the same οὗτος, αὕτη, τοῦτο, this man, etc. The remote EKεivog, ekelyn, ekeÏvo, that man, that woman, etc Let not the student be surprised to find o,, ro, which hitherto he knows only as the article, placed here at the head of demonstrative pronouns. Originally o,, ro was ex clusively a demonstrative pronoun. As such it is used in Homer. Only by degrees was the meaning soft ned down into that of the article. And still are there traces of the original acceptation found in prose authors, in ò μev-ò de, that person-this person, the one-the other; where the particles μev and de standing separately may be compared with the particle de united with o,, ro, in what is commonly called a demonstrative pronoun. The passing of the demonstrative pronoun into the article will not surprise you, if you reflect how near the two are in meaning; the man, and this man vary very little, and our the is a curtailed form of this. You will easily recognise the fact that ὧδε, ήδε, το δε is nothing more than the article with de appended. It is not so obvious, but nevertheless it is equally true, that ouros, aurn, TOUTO is only the article with its stem strengthened. The two demonstratives ode and ouroc, of the same origin, resemble each other in signification. A slight difference may be discovered in them, namely, that ὧδε relates rather to outward and local objects, οὗτος embraces also the inner relations or states of mind; the former, therefore, excludes and the latter includes the individual peculiarities of an object. Opposed to both is ɛɛivog, in so far as it indicates an object which stands at a distance from the speaker. On these general facts are founded the following distinctive remarks relatively to the use of these pronouns. 'Ode and ouros differ from each other thus, that ode alludes to an object not observed in its condition and consequently not so mentioned; while our og refers not merely to an object itself, but also to its character; thus, de ǹ Toλig is this city, the city which we see, the city in which we live, without any reference to its circumstances; on the contrary, aurηn Todic is this city, considered relatively to its character, the (a) city of this kind. So raura is used of that which has been already spoken of; rade of that of which you have to speak; e.g. Ταῦτα μεν συ λεγεις, παρ' ἡμῶν δ' απαγγελλε ταδε You report these things; bear back from us this answer. Taur' težav, these things they said, that is, the things reported, is used at the end of a discourse or narrative, as the announcement of some utterance now known; but eλežav rade, they said these things, that is, those things are to follow, the nature of which is as yet unknown. If the demonstrative refers to a relative or appositive proposition which contains a description of the nature of the subject, then commonly οὗτος is employed. Rarely is ὧδε used in such a connexion. Οὗτος and εκεῖνος differ in this, that the former refers to the nearer, the latter to the remoter object. But this application is sometimes inverted. It is inverted when the remote object is pointed out as specially worthy of attention, and the nearer as holding an inferior position. Οὗτος is used emphatically in order to indicate an object as universally known; Ertivog, in order to point out an object as prominent and distinguished of its kind. Both pronouns are united in the form Tour' EKEvo, when reference is made to a generally known object as such, and as previously mentioned. The Greeks, especially the poets, employed the demonstrative to indicate emphatically proximity and remoteness in space, sometimes affixing the particle ot, as in our vulgarism, this here, that there. They also used them in conjunction with other pronouns, e.g.--nμeis oidɛ, we here; kɛivoç öye, he there; o au Xeyeɩg touto, what you say. The demonstratives are omitted, first, when they stand with a rela ive clause, as a periphrasis for a substantive, e.g. aλnoñ à ov deytis; and secondly, in these phra-es-Teμnolov de, this 18 the μου; σημειον δε, this is the token; αιτιον δε, che ground is this; repaλatov de, the chief point is, etc.; and the like. The weakest form of the demonstrative pronoun, namely, ,, To, is in good prose used only as an article. The office of the article is to individualise the idea conveyed in the noun, that is, to set it forth as a distinct object clearly present to the thought of the speaker and hearer. In general the use of the article on the part of the Greeks is the same as the use of it in English. There are, however, some deviations. is well known, either because mentioned before, or because celebrated; thus, ò Kupog, the Cyrus previously spoken of, the Cyrus whom every one knows; so ò Aλežavopoç, not any one so called, but some special Alexander; so also ai soñvai, i Eraprn, the famous city of Athens, of Sparta. Generally the noun is without the article when a distinctive or characterising phrase is added, as Κῦρος, ὁ των Περσών βασιλευς, απέθανεν Cyrus, the king of the Persians, died The article is put also before substantives which have a pronominal attribute; as a demonstrative pronoun, or the determinative avrog, self. The place of the article is either between the pronoun and the noun, as avτη ǹ oikia, this house, or before the noun and the pronoun, as i oikia avτη; so boε o λογος, and ὁ λόγος όδε ; εκείνο το χωριον and το χωριον εκεῖνο ; αυτος ὁ πατηρ and ὁ πατηρ αυτός. The article is not employed when the demonstrative indicates the local relation of the noun to the speaker or the hearer. The article is unnecessary with avros when the substantive is a proper name, as autov Mɛvwva. The article does not accompany substantives which have a possessive pronoun, when an object is represented only as a part or member of a species of property, but the article is used if the possession is set forth either as an individual or an exclusive thing. The possessive pronoun in this case takes the position of an adjective; eg.-poç vios, a son of mine; o suos vios, my son, either a definite and marked son, or an only son; aypot sol, the lands that belong to thee; oi ooi aypoɩ or vi ayooi oi σol, thy lands, either all thy lands, or an aiready known part. The article is used with nouns which signify a number, whether of special or general import, when reference is made to a number of objects, either previously men ioned or commonly known, or a number of objects in contrast with the remainder, or a number given as comprising a totality, no one being excluded, equivalent to our in all; and consequently the article is employed with numerals without nouns, when the idea of number appears as containing in itself a complete whole, considered in its arithmetical value. Special numerical determinations appear in the place of ordinary adjectives; general ones in the place of the demonstrative pronouns. Kal Kaorηy τηy hμɛpav is every day without exception; less emphatic is καθ' έκαστην ἡμεραν; παντες οἱ άνθρωποι, all the mentioned men; oi Tavreg avƐρʊжоi, ali men, ali men without exception, more expressive than παντες ανθρωποι. To the numerals of general import may be added oλug and allos. With Tolve the article is employed when a greater portion is set in contrast with a smaller portion. In such cases we in English use the superlative; e.g.—ò πоλuç λoyog, most of the speech ; το πολυ του στρατεύματος, the main body of the army; ra rolla, for the most par; oi root, the most, the bulk, the common people. Aoc takes the article when the whole of the part of an object is exhibited in opposition to one mentioned part, or more, of the same object; e.g.—oi aλλo ar@pwo, the other men, the rest. When in English we use another or the other to signify that the subject and the object are of the same kind, the Greeks repeat the noun; e.g. χειρ χειρα νίζει hand washes hand (that is) The article is employed in sums total; e.g. ην, ότε ετελευτησεν, αμφι τα έξηκοντα ετη when he died he was about sixty years of age. This is a usage with which we have nothing in common. It has been said that the article is here employed to point out the grammatical form of the numerals, which are without a grammatical form, being indeclinable. Apellatives receive the article not only when reference is made to already mentioned or well known objects, but also The Greeks use the article with proper names, but not uni- to denote an entire species when taken as a whole in and for versally; the article with proper names adds to the distinct-itself, or in contrast with another species; moreover, to mark ness and individuality of the name, indicating that the person an individual of a class when that individual appears as that winch is suitable, correspondent, or requisite; as, το μέρος των ψήφων, the re quired number of votes, By receiving he article the infinitive acquires the form of a noun, yet may it retain its verba fores Thus, it takes an adverb as u qualiter, as, το καλώς αποθανεῖν, to die honours ably, that is, an honourable death; it may have its object, as, το τους νικήσαντας αμέλειν, to neglect those who have gained a vetory, tha is, disregard to conquerors ; it was so have a subj et, as, το φθονεῖν τοις ευτυχούσι τους ατυχούντας, for the unfortunate to envy the fortuna. This infinitive itself, like n uns in general, may be the subject or the object of a proFeron, or it may be the object afer a preposition, all the while retaining its verbal force. Instances are found in the exercise, and thee should be studied with special care, a un er this head sta d many important Greek idioms. The infinitive in Greek corresponds with the gerund in Latin; e.g. dicendo dicendum to saying, or to say. προς το λεγειν Alverbs of place and time by taking the article acquire the For of substantives; as, To avw, the upper region; To μεταξύ, the interval, το περαν, the other side (of the river) ; το εντός, με ύμείου ; τὸ νῦν, the present time, το έπειτα, The il use, το πριν, the past. Also adverbs of quality havi με Ta article take the form of nouns, το σφοδρα, intensity, το λιαν, ε; το λαθρα, secrecy. Adverbs i con.bination with the article stand for adjectives; 28, οἱ τότε ανθρωποι, 1terally, the then mea, the men of that time; ai trade γυναίκες, the there woman, the women who are there. The article with a genitive studs substantiv ly, and in Egish requires a noun to be supplied; e.g τα των Αθη ναιων, the (affairs) of the Athenians ; οἱ ἐν τῇ πόλει, the (m n) J11 he city. In sioular manner it is Liken with preposi 10*, 118, τα μετα ταῦτα, shit followed, ή καθ' ήμεραν τροφή, ou daily food; ή ξυγκομιδη εκ των αγρών εις το άστυ, the supply from the country to the city. Adjectives, and participles, as well as adverbs, become moune pter the inf rence of the article ; as, οἱ πλουσιοι, the rich ὁ λέγων, the speaker, ὁ πέλας, the neighbour. Sometimes the pare with the article is rendered by several words; as, οἱ παρόντες, those who are present; ὁ βουλομενος, auy one τη it pleases. The article in the neuter gender prefixed to a nour, or to a perisse, denotes a quotation, as, το ανηρ, the word ανηρ, το γνώθι σεαυτόν, the command "know thyself. Theticle, inasmuch as it individu dises, may hold the plaze of a possessive pronoun In general the pos essive pro.ouns are little used in Greek, being rendered uane essary, by the art le, or being replaced by the genitive of the per. sonal or the reflective pronoun; e.g. ὁ δῆμος ὁ των Αθηναίων των Αθηναίων ὁ δῆμος ὁ δήμος των Αθηναίων. These arrangements vary only in emphasis. The article is wanting in Greek with abstract apellatives when they denote the general idea; thus, πλουτος κακιας ὑπηρέτης εστιν riches is a servant of wickedness. The use or the non-use of the article with nouns of general import depends very much on the conception in the mind at the time. If I say, ανθρωπος εστι θνητος. man is mortal, I make the most general statement I can makeman, the race so called, con idered as the face, is moral But I may also say, ὁ άνθρωπος εστι θνητος. the man is mortal, that is, a particulat man considered as the representative of the race, το φιλοσοφία is philosophy in general, but ἡ φιλοσοφία is philosophy as a special branch of knowledge. The omission of the article sometimes gives the force of our indefinite an or a; that is, one of the race so, called, or the ruce itself, ανθρωπος. It indefiniteness is to be given, you add the enclitic τις to the woun; eg. A noun taken with πᾶς and without the article, is used distributively, as πᾶς ανθρωπος, every man, παντες άνθρωποι, all men, considered individually. If you dd the article, you give a collective force, as παντες οἱ άνθρωποι, all the mer (in the world), men collectively, δε ἡ πασα γῆ, the whole land, An important difference is made by the different position of the article with αυτός; 6.9, αυτος ὁ πατήρ οι ὁ πατηρ αυτός ὁ αὐτὸς πατηρ οι ὁ πατὴρ ὁ αυτός the same father. EXERCISES.-GREEK-ENGLISH. Όταν του το λεγωμεν, το δε λεγομεν. Ον αν ηγησωνται φρον μωτέρον ἑαυτων εἶναι, τούτῳ οἱ ἄνθρωποι ὑπερήδέως πείθονται. Μονῳ ιατρῳ τούτο και συνηγορῳ εξεστιν, αποκτείνειν μεν, από θνησκειν δε μη. Ούτος αν είη σωφρονέστατος, όστις κοσμιώτατα Οστις δε τους τέκοντας εν βια τας συμφορας φέρειν δύναται σέβει, όδ' εστι και ζῶν καὶ θανῶν θεοις φιλος. Δεῖ το βέλτιστον αει, μη το ῥᾷστον άπαντας λέγειν επ' εκείνο (το ῥᾷστον) μεν γαρ ή φύσις αυτη βαδιεῖται, επι τουτο (το βέλτιστον) δε τῷ λόγῳ αει δεῖ παραγεσθαι διδάσκοντα του - γαθον πολίτην. Αριστοκρα τους (στιν εν Πυθοί τουτο το καλόν αναθημα. Πολλοι παρά τους Αθηναίοις γεγονασι ρήτορες ενδοξοι και μεγάλοι πρὸ τοῦ Δημοτι When an attribute is added to a noun accompanied by the θένους, Καλλιστρατος εκείνος, Αριστοφών Κεφαλές θρασε article, the position of the words may be threefold; e.g. βουλος, ταῦτ' εκείνα τα ειωθότα. Παρείσ. Κριτών ούτοσι Κριτο βουλου τοῦ τε πατήρ, Αισχίνου τούτου πατήρ. Ούτοσι ανήρ ου παύσεται φλυαρών Νέες εκείναι επιπλέουσιν. Τι μὲν δε τούτο Λέγεις ; Έωσπερ αν ᾧ ἂς ειμι. Εἰσιν οἱ οώνται. Κύρος επί τον αδελφον Αρταξερξην εστρατεύετο. Θήβαι αί εκ πλοιωτές ετμήθη ύπο του Αλέξανδρου, Λακεδαιμόνιοι της Πελοποννήσου των πέντε τας δύο μοίρας νέμονται Η τάξις έκαστη εφ' ένας των Τα δώδεκα εστι τις έξ. Αμφότερα τα ωτα απετέμεν Αδελφος αθελόῳ φθονει Νηές πλείους τῶν ἑκατὸν ἔπλευσαν Αθηναίοι πλευσαντες ναυσιν έξηκαι τα ἐπὶ Σαμου ταῖς μὲν ἐκκαίδεκα τῶν νεῶν οὐκ ἐχρήσαντο Τας τιμωρίας ὁ Σολων τοῖς μεν ιδιώταις εποίησε βραδείας, τοὺς δὲ ἀρχαῖς καὶ τοῖς δημαγωγούς ταχειας. Απέτισε τις πεντακοσίας δραχμας. Ὁ Κύρος ὑπισχνείται δώσειν τρια ημιδαρεικα του μηνός την στρατιωτη. Χρη το αυτοφθέγγεσ θαι τον ρήτορα και τον νόμον Τοιοῦτος γιγνου περὶ τοὺς γονεῖς οίους αν εύξαιο περί σεαυτόν γενεσθαι τους σταυρός, παῖδας. Τους υίεις οἱ πατέρες ειργουσιν απο τῶν πονηρων ανθρώπων. Το εν πράττειν παρά την αξίαν αφορμη τοῦ κακῶς φρονειν τοις ανοη τοις γιγνεται, Το τους νικήσαντας αμελεῖν μεγα ἁμαρτημα. Οἱ πολλοὶ ώρμηκότες επι το σκοπεῖν τα τῶν αλλων πραγματα ου τρέπονται επί το ἑαυτους εξετάζειν. Το φθονειν τοῖς ευτυχοῦσι τους ατυχούντας ουδέν θαυμαστον Αγησίλαος ουχ' ούτως επι τῷ άλλων βασιλεύειν ώς επι τῳ ἑαυτοῦ αρχειν εμεγαλύνετο. Ο λυχνος δια το λαμπραν φλογα εχειν φῶς παρέχει. Καιρος εστι του λεγεν. Προς το μέτριων δεῖσθαι πεπαιδευμενος εἰμι. Το φιλεῖν ακαίρως ισον εστι τῳ μισεῖν. Ο Ζευς την Αθηνάν έφυσεν ἐκ τῆς ἑαυτοῦ κεφαλῆς. Την εμην τυχην εξεταζων προς την σεαυτοῦ σκοπεί και εύρήσεις την εμην βελτιω τῆς σῆς. Οἱ Αθηναῖοι επέδειξαν και εν ταις δυστυχίαις την ἑαυτων αρετήν. Μετεπέμψατο Αστυάγης την ἑαυτοῦ θυγατέρα και TOV Taida αυτῆς. Κύρος ήσθη τον εκ των Ελληνων εις τους βαρβάρους ψοφον όρων. Καλη και μεγάλη εστιν ἡ πόλις ἦν πολιορκοῦμεν. Εκαστος τῶν δημιουργῶν την τεχνην καλῶς εξειργάζετο. Εμαχες σαντο οἱ μετα Περικλέους ὁπλῖται χίλιοι Oi Twv Bardowy οινοχόοι διδοᾶσι τοις τρισί δακτυλοις οχοῦντες την φιάλην. Οἱ στρατιώται παντες (οι παντες οἱ σρατιωτοι), καλῶς εμαχέσαντο. Οἱ στρατιῶται είλον το στρατοπεδον ἅπαν (ως άπαν το στρατοπεδον), Ποιείτω τοῦτο ὁ βουλομενος. Μη ζητεῖτε τον ταῦτα λέξοντα. Η ανδρεια καλη εστιν. Το γαλα εστιν ἡδυ. Ο πλεῖστα ωφελων το κοινον μεγιστων τιμῶν αξιοῦται. Kaka Kaι aixoa έπραξεν. Τα κακα και τα αίσχρα έπραξεν. Ὁ μόνος παῖς παίζει. Μονος ὁ παῖς παίζει. Οἱ πολέμιοι απέκτειναν τους πάντας πολιτας. Τί διαφέρει ανθρωπος ακρατης θηρίου του ακρατέστατου; Πᾶσαν ὑμιν την αλήθειαν ερῶ.. Τον αριθμον παντα διχα διελάβομεν. Δαρεῖος εβασίλευσε τα παντα έξ και τριακοντα ετη. Ενίκησαν Θηβαῖοι Λακεδαιμονίους. ENGLISH-GREEK. The Thebans were conquered by the Lacedemonians. We came to the end of the mountain. We came to the farthest mountain. They dwell in the upper city. They cultivate te country beyond the river. Every woman is mortal. All women are mortal. The same woman dies. That woman speaks. The woman herself speaks. He obeys the law. He obeys a law. He obeys the same law. He obeys the law itself. To obey the law is good. The wise say, that for men to obey the laws is good. In obeying the laws of God, men become happy. Every man becomes wise in obeying the laws of God. All the citizens march to battle. The battle is deadly. Hasten, O young men, to the battle. My father died being sixty years old. The soldiers in all are forty thousand. This man is wise, that man foolish. Those who speak, will have great power. He who obeys the laws, is loved by God. Mothers love their children. Children are loved by their mothers. Those brave warriors will be accounted worthy of great honours. LESSONS IN SPANIS H.-No. VIII. We would recommend to the learner to review carefully all the preceding lessons, especially the last four; and then, after having attentively studied the following rules, to translate the El tiempo es mas precioso que el oro, La caridad es paciente. La beneficéncia nos hace amables. La vida no es un sueno. El tiempo es precioso. La ignorância es madre del error. El água es tan buena como el vino. La sabiduría es mas preciosa que todas las riquezas. La prudéncia es mas preciosa que la plata. Mejor es la sabiduría que la hermosura. El hombre teme la muerte. El hombre no teme la vida. La virtud es amable., El vício es odioso, Los hombres son mortales. El oro es precioso. La prudéacia es útil., Ella tjene prudéncia. Jun tiene oro. El dinero es úil. P. dro tiene dinero. Los libros son útiles. María no halló libros. Este año la harina es muy cara Los vinos serán buenos exte año, El vino es muy caro este año. La manteca es muy cara. La cerveza es buena. El yelo es fiío. La muere es terrible: La leche es blanca. El azúcar es dulce. La gratitud Juan prefiere el vício fi la virtud. María alina de la religion. no prefiere el error á la verdad. Pero prefiere las riquezas { la sabiduría. In Spanish, the definite article is to be used before all com-déncia y el juicio son necesarios a todo hombre. El mé lico prefiere la cerveza al vino, La pruLa his ória mon nouns taken in a general sense, or which denote a whole es maestra de la vida. La paz de la sociedad depende de (un) class or species of things; as, la paciencia y la actividad remueven montañas, prience and dilige ice remove mountains; le prohiben Este año la harina no es cara. la justícia. La plata es preciosa. Los tenedores son úti es. La religion e8 amab e. El org el uso del vino, 'hey forbid him the use of wine; jamas lá sobérbia es mas precioso que la plata. Mejor es la prudéncia que el ni la ira podrán acordarse con la amabilidad y la mansedumbre, dinero. never can pride or anger agree with amiability and meekness; ENGLISH-SPANISH. todas las cosas tienen su tiempo, all things have their season. Here patience, dul.gence, wine, pride, anger, amiability, meekness, and things, are taken in an absolute or general sense, and each requires the definite article in Spanish, though not in English, to precede it * ensuing exercise.. Time is precious. Prutence is useful. Vice is odious. Money is useful. Ice is cold. Sugar is sweet. Religion is The learner must not in these casest anste the ariele in Eogha hs, he must not render el tiempo, "thet my but • Mué Po 2. el gelo * This i an important rule of Spanish svutax, and it should be well es frío, "ice .s cold," and not the ic is cold;' la vida no es un sueno, life is not a dream" and to on. studied by the learner. |