EXAMPLE IV. Yesterday, at noon, we were in latitude 6° 38′ N., and longitude 26° 10′ W. At 7 o'clock this morning we observed the distance of the sun and moon, which gave our longitude at that time 26°58′ W.; and, by double altitudes, we were in latitude 7° 47' N. at 10h. 30m. A. M.: required the course and distance made good by the log, the latitude and longitude at noon by dead reckoning, and the same by the observations. The variation 8° W. being allowed to the left of N. W. by N., gives the corrected course N. 42° W.; and the knots and fathoms summed up, give the distance run by the log in 24 hours, 128 miles: hence the difference of latitude is 95'. 1, and the departure 85.6 miles. The com. of middle latitude 82° 35', and the departure 85'. 6, give the difference of longi. tude 86 miles, or 1° 26'; which, added to the longitude of yesterday, 26° 10′ W., gives the longitude in, by account, 27° 36' W. To reduce the Observations to Noon. The course N. 42° W., and the distance run from 10h. 30m. A. M., till noon, viz. 9 miles, give the diff. of latitude 7' N.; which added to the latitude by double altitudes 7° 47′ N., their sum, 7° 54', is the latitude by observation reduced to noon. The course N. 42° W., and the distance run since 7 o'clock in the morning, 30 miles, give the departure made in that interval 20′. 1, and the diff, of latitude 22'. 3. The com. of middle latitude 82° 17', and the departure 20.1, give the diff. of longitude made from 7h.A. M. to noon, 20′ W.; which added to 26°58′ W., the longitude by the observa JOURNAL OF A VOYAGE FROM ENGLAND TO MADEIRA, Date. Wednesday, IN THE SHIP BRITANNIA, J. W. N. COMMANDER, Winds. S. S. W. S. W. W. by S. Thursday, Friday, June 9. S.S.W. to Saturday. KEPT BY G. W. MATE. 1854, Remarks on Board the Ship BRITANNIA, 1854. Moderate and clear. At 6h. A. M. the Pilot came on board. At Sh. A. M. cast loose from the sheer hulk at Deptford, and made sail down the river. At 2h. P. M. anchored in Long Reach, and moored ship with a cable each way. Fresh gales with showers. P. M. received on board the carpenter's and boatswain's stores. At 6h. A. M. unmoored, and At noon weighed with a light Light airs and fine weather. hove short on the best bower. N.N.W. breeze from the westward. At 3h. P. M. came to with the best bower off Gravesend. Received a chronometer on board, which was 1m. 45s. slow for Greenwich mean time, and losing daily 2.5s. W.N.W. Moderate weather and fair. At daylight weighed and made sail. At 1h. P. M. anchored with the best bower at the Nore, in 9 fathoms. At 5h. P. M. weighed and sailed through the Queen's Channel. At 8h. 30m. P. M. came to with the best bower at the back of Margate Sand. Moderate wind and cloudy, with showers. At 6h. A. M. weighed and made sail. At 8h. A. M. ran through the Gull Stream, and came to an anchor in the Downs, in 7 fathoms, about 1 mile off shore, Deal Castle bearing W. N. W., the South Foreland S. W., and the North Foreland N. N. E. P. M. the Pilot left the ship. A pleasant breeze with fair weather throughout. A. M. employed filling up the water, stowing the booms and boats, and getting all clear for sea. At 10h. A. M. weighed and made sail. At noon the South Foreland upper Lighthouse bore N. N. W., distant about 4 miles. This log contains 12 hours, and ends at noon, to commence sea logs. As the Lizard is the last point of land in sight, the ship's departure is taken from thence supposing it to be in latitude 49° 58' N., and longitude 5° 11' W.: now, as the bearing of the Lizard from the ship was N. E. by N., the bearing of the ship from the Lizard was S. W. by S.; but as this is the bearing by compass, the variation 24 points W. is to be allowed to the left hand, which will give the true bearing S. W.; this is to be entered in the Traverse Table as a course, and 3 leagues, or 9 miles, the supposed distance of the Lizard from the ship, as a distance run. The courses, corrected for variation, and the distance run by the log, after 6h. P. M., are also to be set down in the Traverse Table, as follows: The course 37°, and the mer. diff. of lat. 100', give the diff. of long. 75'. 2; or the co. mid. lat. 40° 35' as a course, and the departure 49. 1 in a dep. column, give the diff. of longitude in a dist. column 75.5 miles, or Longitude of the Lizard Longitude in by account 1° 16′ W. 5 11 W. 6 27 W. The course and distance made good, the whole diff. of lat. and departure, the lat. and long. in by account, &c. are now to be set down in their respective columns, as above. S s The courses corrected for variation and leeway, with their corresponding distances, will be as in the following Traverse Table. Diff. lat. 47.4 Dep. 42.3 The latitude found by the star a Aquila at 2h. A. M. being brought forward by the log. from that time to noon, places the ship in latitude 48° 6' N. The course 42° and mer. diff. of lat. 70', To find the Bearing and Distance of Cape Finisterre. Diff. of latitude...... 5 10-310. Mer. diff. lat. 443 Longitude of ship..... 7° 31' W. 1 45=105'. The mer. diff. lat. 443', and diff. of long. 105', give the true course or bearing S. 13° W.; which course, and the proper diff. of lat. 310m., give the distance 319 miles. The magnetic |