LESSON XII. 75 74 76 77 90 89 86 82 84 81 85 83 80 88 87 91 93 90 95 99 98 96 97 95 93 92 94 100 100 51 69 71 82 91 92 32 22 32 42 52 92 Let the pupil study the foregoing lesson till entirely familiar to him. 1, placed at the lett lessons, makes the value one 38 16 6 27. 9 69 hand of any two figures, in the previous hundred greater. 107 one hundred and seven. 108 one hundred and eight. 109 one hundred and nine. 103 one hundred and three. 106 one hundred and six. 104 one hundred and four. 104 105 101 103 117 199 107 108 199 one hundred ninety-nine. LESSON IV. LESSON V. 603 six hundred &c. 307 three hundred and seven. 102 104 1000 one thousand. 1002 one thousand and two. 2373 two thousand three hundred seventy-three. 5384 five thousand three hundred eighty-four. 8301 eight thousand three hundred and one. 30138 thirty thousand one hundred thirty-eight. 14768 fourteen thousand seven hundred sixty-eight. The following columns of figures should be read by the pupils in classes. NUMERATION. This is the right placing and just valuing of figures in any number. The following illustrations will show its nature and ase. Common Names. them in words. Proper mode of cxpressing one Unit. two Units. Two three Units. four Units. Four Three three Units. four Units. five Units. Five five Units. six Units. Six six Units. seven Units. Seven eight Units. Eight seven Units. eight Units. What have you learned since you began the study of arithmetic? To read figures, that is, tell what number certain figures stand for, as 47 is for fortyseven. How many figures are used to express the numbers you have learned? Only nine-All differing in their form. There is one other character used; what is it called? The cipher; it is of no value of itself, but joined to a figure it makes its value ten times greater. Can any number be expressed by those figures and the cipher? Yes-one figure by itself shows its own real value, as 7 9; but when placed together, (thus 79,) they have a local value, known by the place they occupy, and determined by the number used. When figures stanu alone, do they always express the same number? They do, because they are of value in and of themselves. Name all the different numbers that can be made out of 472? Ans. 4 7 2 is the real value, 472, 724, and 247 are local values. How many figures express twelve? Two. Five? One. Three hundred eighty? Three. How many ciphers and figures in Five hundred? One figure, two ciphers. • All numbers begin with a unit or units, except 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, &e. The cipher han value of itself: it shows there are no units of the unit order in. 10, 20, &c. If the cipher had not been plasen the side of 1, the 1 would be in the unit order. How to read and numerate numbers. RULE-Begin at the right hand, read each figure as if it stood alone, naming the name of its order: then read the whole figures in the number, beginning at the left hand and end with the unit figure. Read and numerate the following figures; 232, 375, 1000 2100, 3238, 4376, 5867, 6735, and 7823. OPERATION. 232 two units, three tens, two hundred. two. Two hundred thirty Three hundred 375 five units, seven tens, three hundred. seventy-five. 1000 no units, no tens, no hundreds, one thousand. thousand. One 2100 no units, no tens, one hundred, two thousand. Two thousand one hundred. 3238 eight units, three tens, two hundred, three thousand. Three thousand two hundred thirty-eight. 4376 six units, seven tens, three hundred, four thousand. Four thousand three hundred seventy-six. ones. What is a unit? A number expressing one whole thing, written thus 1. Three units are how many? Three ones. Five? Five ones. Nine? Nine One ten and unit are how many? Ten and 1. What number is it? Eleven. One ten and five units? Ten and five. What is the name? Fifteen. What are six tens called? Sixty. What are four tens called? Forty. What are eight tens and two units called? Eighty-two. What are one hundred seven tens and five units called? One hundred seventy-five. What is three? Three units or ones. What thirteen? One ten and three. What twenty-five? Two tens and five. What does teen signify? And ten. What Is the meaning of ty? It means tens added to two, three, four, &c. What does fourteen mean? Four and ten. Twenty? Add ten to Two. How may these numbers be read. 30, 60, 152 and 25 ? 5867 seven units, six tens, eight hundred, five thousand. Five thousand eight hundred sixty-seven. 6735 five units, three tens, seven hundred, six thousand. Six thousand seven hundred thirty-five. 7823 three units, two tens, eight hundred, seven thousand. Seven thousand eight hundred twenty-three. ILLUSTRATION. Last Example.-The 3 [first figure] is three units or ones-the 2 is in ten's place, and is two tens, or twentythe 8 is in hundred's place, and is eight hundred times eight hundred-the 7 is in thousand's place, and is seven thousand times one, or seven thousand. one, or The pupils should practice numerating and reading the following numbers, with the book open, till perfectly familiar to them. Millions. Hun. of Thousands. Tens of Thousands. Thousands. Tens. -Units. NOTE. This table shows that a cipher denotes the want of a number; it also increases the value of a figure ten fold, when placed on the right hand of whole numbers. 1 Read-One. 10 Read-Ten. 100 Read-One hundred. 1 0 0 0 Read-One thousand. 1 0 0 0 0 Read-Ten thousand. 1 0 0 0 0 0 Read-One hundred thousand. 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Read-One million. Hun. of thous. Thousands. No. II. Units. NOTE. Those words at the head of this Table are applicable to any sum or num ber, and can readily be applied to any number. 7 Seven. . 4 3 2 Four hundred, thirty-two. 7 3 5 4 Seven thousand, three hund. fifty-four. 8 6 2 8 3 Eighty-six thou. two hun. eighty-three. 9 4 2 3 7 1 Nine hun. forty-two thou. three hun. 71. 5 3 3 6 4 2 5 Five millions, 336 thousand, 425. |