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liament to have his debts paid; and lefs office, that of 3d fecretary of state. yet, when he died, there was a fum of All he could fay farther was, that the upwards of 170,0col. due to him from country had railed itself to the utmost the public, though the average amount pitch of national glory; that our pofof his annual receipts did not exceed teffions had been extended to every 813,000/ What was the flate of the civil lifties had rifen to a degree of wealth, quarter of the globe; that our colorevenue fince the commencement of power, and population, unknown perthis prefent reign? His Majefty a- haps in the annals of any other coungreed to take 800,000l. in lieu of the try under the fun; and that when we revenue appropriated to the mainte- had no more than two fecretaries of nance and fupport of the civil lift; ftate; but, on the contrary, the moment but after a feries of two years war and Ba third was appointed, the picture was five years peace, the noble lord in the completely reverfed in all its features; blue ribbon came to parliament to demand the fum of 513,000l. or an awe had lost thofe very colonies, and verage fum of nearly 80,ocol per ann. difgraced in the eyes of all Europe, with them their trade; we had been more. And upon what pretence? A moft fallacious one! and now threatened with rain on every cfide. He fhould be ashamed to tire the patience of the committee, to proye every unprejudiced man in the Houfe, what was already fufficiently clear to that the office of third fecretary, if not office; for which reafon he fhould a mifchievous office, was an useless give his vote for the claufe, moved by his hon. friend, for abolishing it.

In eight years after, the fame noble lord came again to parliament for the fum of 618,000l.; at the fame time had the modesty to afk for an additional fum of 100,ocol. a year.

Thus in the course of 14 years, or a period of two years foreigu war and two years civil war in America, his Majesty had received from parliament, in addition, and over and above his whatever the civil lift revenue might The Sec. at War contended, that stated revenue, the enormous fum of be, it had not been exercised to effect. 1,131,cool, while George II. in the the purpafes on which the prefent bill courfe of a reign of thirty-two years, E in which there was a most dangerous fore that the Houfe was incompetent to was fuppofed to proceed; and thererebellion within the land for one year, interfere, or controul its expenditure: and two foreign wars of 14 years continuance, received not a fingle fhilling tend to the petitions of the people, that the House was not obliged to atmore than his fated income, having further than the fentiments contained repaid the fum borrowed, as has al- in them accorded with their own ready been noted. tions were right in praying for the Fjudgement: that, fuppofing the petiplaces, the office propofed to be aboabolition of all ufelefs and unneceffar y lifhed by this claufe did not come within that de'cription.

Ir this plain undifguifed ftate of facts did not contain the most unquestionable prefumptive evidence of the influence of the crown, he meant the diverting its revenues to purpofes which dared not be avowed, in cor-G rupting and influencing the members of both houfes of parliament, it would be vain to refort to other arguments, for he knew of none more relative or conclufive, nor indeed of any that could be more fo; all therefore thatH remained to be done, in his opinion, was, to apply the principle io eftablifhed to the particular claufe before the committee, the abolishing an ufe

In anfwer to the right hon. gentle man who spoke laft, he obferved, that immediately after the revolution, parliament fettled a sevenue of 7co,cool. upon K. Williain; and he appealed 700,000. ninety years ago was not to every gentleman's experience, if more than equal to 900,000!, a year now. candour of gentlemen to declare openHe appealed likewife to the ly their belief, whether K. William

1 would

would have fuffered any part of the his confcience, that the business of revenue that had once been feitled ftate would be very well managed upon him for life to have been re- without him. Nay, after he was fumed. In the early part of that dead, his office was buried with him king's reign, the civil lift revenue was for a year; and when afterwards it granted from year to year; and he Arofe, again, and a fucceffor was apcomplained that by that mode he was pointed, no other reafon could be only king for a year, and threatened given for its revival than the Irishto abdicate the throne if not redrefled. man's; "the other two fecretaries This induced parliament to fettle his were doing nothing, and a third was revenue for life. Apply this fact to appointed to help them." But, fay the present argument. If parliament B gentlemen, the office proposed to be can break in upon his Majefty's civil abolished by the prefent bill would lift revenue this year, they may the only be the faving of a few thoufand next, and fo on, till they leave him pounds. Granted; but every plan only a bare pittance, and of confe- muft have a beginning, and he begged quence the mere fhadow of a king. that gentlemen would look to the agMuch ftrefs, he faid, had been laid on Cgregate, not to the items. Trifling, the economy of the late reign, and of however, as the fum now propofed to the virtues of the late king, for whofe be faved might appear to the gentlememory no gentleman had a greater men on the other fide the Houfe, it veneration than himself; but when would pay a regiment of cavalry; he faid this, he thought it his duty to which alone was an object of great his prefent Majelly to affirm, that he Dconcern in our prefent national difwas fecond to none of his predeceffors trefs. He then digreffed from the in thofe princely virtues that add luftre faving to the mischief which, he faid, and dignity to the crown he wears. the establishment of that office had done. It had involved the empire into all the miferies of a civil war; it had loft us the American colonies, E and brought us into a contest which threatened us with ruin. In 1768 Ld H-fb-h, as the very first act of official power, wrote his famous circular letter in the King's name, affuring the colonies that no taxes would F be laid upon them by the British parliament; yet not five years after, the noble lord in the blue ribbon introduced a bill for taxing them, or a conciliary propofition, as he called it, as the intended bafis of a law for that purpote. The people of America faw Gby this, that they could have no refiance on minifterial promifes, not even on the word of the King. What has been the confequence? All the Forrors of the American war. He then adverted to the late promotion of Ed Carlile to be fift lord of trade as a H mere finecure place; and concluded by obferving, that the refpective offices of fecretary of state united again, would be better executed by fewer hands.

a

Mr. B-ke reprobated in the strongeft terms, the doctrine which in this enlightened age, in this country, and on this occation, is openly avowed. It is worfe, he faid, than toryifm. It is jacobitifin, fublimated and refined into a detestable fyftem of the moft humiliating flavery. He could not agree with those who maintain, that work is always done with greater expedition by many fervants than by few, for one trufts to another; groom becomes the favourite of his fporting matter, he gets an affilaut for his conveniency; the affiftant be comes groom, and he himself is straightway advanced into the finecure place of mafter of the horses; the new groom gets Tom to clean the flable, Tom grows very handy, and then there is no doing without Tom. The thing happens in higher departmen's; even in the highest oflices of flate there,, are fupernumeraries. The late Lord' Suffolk was a man of honour; he would not have fitten a yo in his bedchamber, refting his legs on his green box, had he not been convinced in

Ld Adv. of Scotland obferved, that controuled in his civil lift, he should at the revolution, a certain fum was conceive the compact between the appropriated to the defence of the King and people totally broken, and ftate, and a certain fum to the king, this country reduced to the most downto which he had as good a right as right defpotifm that could be brought any individual could have to his pri- into practice. In fuch a cafe he vare property, that our fovereign was A would not fay which he would do, but an heredita, monarch, and inherited he fhould not think parliament a place the gors and property of his prede- in which he should be able to ferve Fors by as in a right of inheritance the people who knew, he trusted, that as any gedeman in that Houfe inhe- they were not born to be flaves. He rite his eftate from his ancestors. If alluded in very strong terms to an hothen the king had not violated the li- Bnourable and learned gentleman [Mr. mitations fixed to the exercife of the M-sfi-d] among others, who was royal prerogatives at the revolution, it fometimes ftanding forth as advocate was not in the power of parliament to for the crown, and fometimes for the deprive him of his juft and conftitu- rights of the people. He exclaimed, tional rights and property. If the in the genuine warmth of patriotifm, King had faved an hundred thoufand Cagainit the pretence that parliament pounds, and laid it into the hands of his banker, parliament might with equal justice, nay, with greater juftice, feize it on any other pretence than the plea they advanced now. He declared he was against voting away any part of his Majesty's revenue, and equally averfe to the touching private property, legally and equitably enjoyed.

were bound at the revolution not to interfere in the expenditure of the King's civil lift, which he called a new and damnable doctrine. Could he poffibly think the revolution eftaDblished fo vile a maxim, he should think he and all the people of England were bound to curfe and execrate the revolution.

Ld G. G―rm— infifled, that the Mr. M-sf- fpoke in reply to his King's revenue was his private pro- fometimes leaning towards the preroperty, as much as any property held E gative of the crown, and fometimes or enjoyed by thole who heard him. towards the liberty of the people. He believed it would found mighty He declared he held both the one and odd to gentlemen to be told," Sir, other equally facred, but he would you can live upon fuch a fum by turn- not be menaced nor intimidated by ing off fuch and fuch fervants, and by the hon. gentleman. retrenching fuch and fuch expences; but you must do it, and the refidue of your income fhall be applied to the Ĺd G. G-rd-n concluded the defervice of the state." The prefent bate in favour of the quetion, and was bill, in his opinion, went fully to that very fevere in his frictures on the conlength; and if applicable to the civil duct of the Ld Advocate of Scotland lift expenditure, was equally applica-Gand the new member for Cambridge ble to every fingle individual in that univerfity [Mr. M—sfi―d]. Houfe, and out of it.

Mr. Fx entered fully into the question. There was nothing he withed for more, he faid, than for the Houfe to come to a determination upon that very great conflitutional quetion, Whether they were competent or not to interfere in matters that refpected the King's civil lift? Should the doctrine be established in that Houfe, that the King was to be un

F

Lord O-gy and Mr. V-n-r fpoke in very ftrong terms against the motion.

Mr. Dnn-g likewite fpoke in the above debate.

The committee divided. For al olifhing the 3d fecretarythip 201,againit it 295.

for your Magazine, to compleat your account of him.

In your Remarks, p. 430, on the head pendent under Milton victorious," you fuppofe that Mr. Hollis intended Cories I; but it is, I doubt rot, the head of Salmafius.

Yours, &c. J. BOERHADEM.
To MRS. MACAULAY.

Bread Hembury, Jan. 11, 1774 LAST Saturday I returned from a thort excurfion to Dorfetfhire. Though you can be no ftranger to the lofs which the public have fuftained in the deceafe of Mr. Hollis; yet 'tis poñible, you may not have been apprifed of the particulars by an authentic hand.

That friend of the British empire and of mankind was, early in the afternoon of New Year's-day, in a field at fome diftance from his place of refidence at Corfcombe, attended by only one workman, who was receiving his directions concerning a tree which had been lately felled. On a fudden, he put one of his fingers to his forehead, faying, "Richard, I believe the weather is going to change; I am extremely giddy." Thefe words were farce off his lips, when he dropped. He fell on his left fide, and being near an hedge, his head was received by the fubjacent ditch. The man (I know not whether a carpenter or a common labourer) fprung to his athiftance, and raising him from that fad fituation, adminiftered what little relief he could. The expiring Patriot was ftill fufficiently himfelt to fay, " Lord, have mercy upon me; Lord, have mercy upon me; receive my foul:" which were the laft werds he was able to pronounce. His lips moved afterwards, but no found was formed. In a few feconds more his fpirit was dif imprisoned.

The frighted afflant loft no time. Leaving the corpie on the grafs, he hattened away for fuperior help; but in vain, the lancet, when applied, was without effect.

It feems Mr. Hollis always withed that his death might be fudden. Providence was pleated to grant his request. Was I qualified to chute for myfelf, and were it lawful to make it a fubject of prayer, I would with for the fame indulgence, whenever my appointed change may come. It is, I think, the moft defirable mode of departure, where the perfon is in a state of grace, how happy to be furprized into heaven! and to furviving friends, it is but a fingle fhock once for all.. At the time of his deceafe, Mr. Hollis was ready booted, intending to ride that day to Lyme Regis. When I was there, it was my melancholy lot to occupy the chamber in which he always flept during his occa honal flay in that town, and which had been prepared for his reception two or three nights before; it was at the Three Cups, an inn which he purchafed a few years ago.

How black is the ingratitude of human nature! Though this valuable man lived en

tirely to the benefit of others, and may be claffed with the most public-fpirited worthies that ever breathed; yet I have feldom nerality. An eminent foreigner was of opiknown a death fo little regretted by the genion, that "there is no fuch thing as friendship in the world." Had he faid, "There is not much, he would have hit the mark."

With Fame, in just proportion, Envy grows; "The man, who makes a character, makes "foes."

Very exalted virtue is often admired; but caufe few are truly virtuous. And we muft not often loved. What is the reafon? Bepable of loving it in others, or of loving have fome virtue ourfelves, ere we are caothers for it.

You knew and efteemed Mr. Hollis's virmiums his memory can receive) was he untues; nor (which is one of the highest enco worthy even of your friendship.

Allow me, Madam, to exprefs my with, that the precious Blood and the imputed Righteousness of the adorable Meffiah, who lived and died for finners, may prefent you, judgement, faultlefs and complete before the in the hour of death, and in the day of Uncreated Majefly. But for the fake of fo greatly furpafs, may you be long detained thofe whom in virtue and in knowledge you (I truft) the Son of God has redeemed you from receiving that crown of life, to which by the atonement of his inestimable death.

THE SPECULATOR. No III.

O fortunati mercatores! gravis armis Miles ait, multo jam fra&us membra labere. Hor. Broken with toils, with ponderous arms oppreft,

WH

The foldier thinks the merchant folely bleft. FRANCIS. HENEVER any misfortune or caJamity befalls us; or, whenever we invidioufly imagine people of different fituations in life happier than ourselves, we are then too apt to receive a lafting difguft for relinquith for fome other, from the troubles our own fate, which we earnestly with to only to its imaginary joys. What can be and perils of which we avert our eyes, open care, anxiety, and difappointment? Do not more ridiculous Is any condition free from the rich as well as the peor equally tuffer difquietude and vexation? What an unhappy difpofition is that which cannot bear adver fity but with repining and difcontent, on which the leaft difappointment has the moft he, who attributes every misfortune to a hiviolent effects! What a miferable wretch is justly placed; who vainly fuppofes he fees tuation in which he thinks he has been un conditions exempt from calamity. and attended with uninterrupted happinefs! How weak, how blind, is he become! Had the broken foldier beheld the merchant's ftate in its true light; had he feen him agitated

Authentic Narrative of the dying Behaviour of Nundocomar. 555

in his ship on the tempeftuous fea, and juft on the point of being overwhelmed by the impending billow; he would not have exelaimed, 0 fortunati mercatores! but, on making a juft comparifon, would have found both were equally expofed to attendant, inevitable troubles. So likewife had the merchant feen the foldier covered with wounds, and infultingly led captive in ignominious chains, he would not have cried out, Militia e potior; for neither fpeedy death, nor joyful victory, are always the confequences of battle. Hence we fee, the principal caufes of difcontent in cur own ftations are the falfe ideas we form of the lives of the reft of mankind, whofe fufferings the felf-diffatisfied and invidious eye eher diminishes or overlooks; whofe enjoyments it either magnifies or multiplies.

Would we but confider the many comforts and bleffings we have formerly experienced; would we view the affairs of others with the fame impartial eye with which we look into our own; and would we compare our own misfortunes with thofe of others, which are often greater, we fhould not so easily become diffatisfied with that fate in which Provi

dence has placed us. We thould then efteem all our misfortunes as the kind corrections of an affectionate Father, to whofe will we fhould ever fubmit with patience and refignation; without which we fhall never be able to run the courfe that is fet before us; but must infallibly fink under the weight of our burdens, which we are defined to bear, till Death fhall open unto us the gates of that glorious Kingdom, "where joy for ever dwells."

MR. URBAN,

IN

P. R.

Dec. 14. N your well-conducted mifcellany I doubt not you will give admiffion to a letter on a philofophical fubject. I therefore fend you an account of the placid magnanimity with which the Bramin Rajah Nundocomar met an ignominious (God forbid! an unjuft) death, condemned in Bengal in 1775, by English laws newly introduced, in an English court of justice newly established, for a forgery, charged to have been committed by him many years before. This Afiatic knew, like André, how to remove infamy even from the gallows. The following authentic relation was written at the time by Mr. Macraby the fheriff:

"Hearing that fome perfons had fuppofed Mahrajah Nundocomar would make an addrefs to the people at his execution, I have committed to writing the following minutes of what palled, both on that occation, and alfo on my paying him a vifit in prifon the preceding evening, while both are freth in my remembrance.

"Friday evening, the fourth of August, upon my entering his apartment in the jail,

* The General, Sir John Clavering.

he arose and faluted me in his usual manner. After we were both feated, he fpoke with great cafe, and fuch uncommon unconcern, that I really doubted whether he was fenfible of his approaching fate; I therefore bid the interpreter inform him that I was come to fhew him this laft mark of refpeét, and to affure him that every attention fhould be given the next morning, which could afford him comfort on fo melancholy an occafion; that I was deeply concerned that the duties of my office made me of neceffity a party in it, but that I would attend to the laft, to fee that every defire he had fhould be gratified; that his own pallankeen, and his own fervants fhould attend him, and that fuch of his friends who I understood were to be prefent, fhould be protected. He replied that he was obliged to me for this vifit; that he thanked me for all my favours, and intreated me to continue it to his family; that fate was not to be refifted, and put his finger to his forehead, “God's will must be done.” He defired I would prefent his refpeéts and compliments to the General, Col. Monson, and Mr. Francis, and pray for their protection of Rajah Gourdaist; that they would please to look upon him now as the head of the Bramins. His compofure was wonderfel; not a figh escaped him, nor the fmallest alteration of voice or countenance, though I understood he had not many hours before taken a folemn and affectionate leave of his fon-in-law Roy Radichurn. I found myfelf to much fecond to him in firmnefs, that I could say no longer. Going down flairs, the jailor informed me, that fince the departure of his friends, he had been writing notes and looking at accompts in his ufual way. I began now to apprehend that he had taken his refolution, and fully expected that he would be found dead in the morning; but on Saturday the fifth, at feven, I was informed that every thing was in readinefs at the jail for the execution. I came there about half an hour past seven. The howlings and lamentations of the poor wretched people, who were taking their last leave of him, is not to be defcribed; I have hardly recovered the art fhock while I write this, above three hours afterward. As foon as he heard I was arrived, lie came into the yard, and joined me in the jailor's apartment. There was no lingering about him, no affected delay; he came chearfully into the room, made the ufual falam, but would not fit till I took a chair near him. Seeing fomebody, I forget who, look at a watch, he got up, and faid he was ready; and immediately turning to three Bramins, who were to attend and take care of his body, he embraced them all clofely, but without the leaft mark of melancholy or depreffion on his part, while they were in agonies of grief and defpair. I then looked at my own watch, told him the hour I had mentioned was not arrived, that it Rajah Gourdais, his fon.

wanted