of the delineation of form; but it is not expected that any teacher will require the whole of the preceding figures to be drawn before the pupils are allowed to make an effort at learning to write. (Page 25, § 6.) The following Exercises are intended to be copied upon slates, and to be written in the size of the ordinary text hand. The teacher will use his discretion as to the number of times each Exercise should be repeated. EXAMPLE 1.-Upstroke. DIAGRAM, No. XLIII. INSTRUCTION.-1. Draw a downstroke, slanting from the left towards the right. 2. Make successive upstrokes at about half an inch apart. 3. These upstrokes are to be straight, and to be at right angles with the downstroke; every line must be made throughout without taking the pencil off the slate. 4. In making these upstrokes the hand must be moved upwards, resting, upon the wrist and little finger. OBSERVE.—The sloping downstrokes, if carried to the bottom of the slate, should make an angle of about fifty degrees, with the bottom edge of the slate remaining on the left of the line. EXERCISE. The above, at discretion. INSTRUCTION.-1. Let the pupils draw two lines across the slate, parallel to one another, and of the width apart of ordinary text hand. 2. Let them make between these lines a downstroke, followed by an upstroke. EXERCISE.-1. Let them repeat the example through the entire width of the slate, as many times as the teacher may approve. 2. To vary the exercise the pupils may begin with the upstroke, as in the example annexed. Here the Diagram (No. XLIV) may be inverted for use. EXAMPLE III.-" The link." DIAGRAM, No. XLV. M EXPLANATION.-The turning at the bottom of a right line is, in writing, called "the link.” INSTRUCTION.-1. Draw the usual parallel lines. 2. Let the pupils make a right line finished with a link; and let the upstroke of the link terminate about the middle of the height between the parallel lines. 3. This exercise may be dictated to the pupils, thus, "Right line, link.* EXERCISES.-1. A number of the Examples should be written in succession; each right line should slope a little, and be so brought down as to touch the finishing point of the "link" by which it is preceded. EXAMPLE IV.-"The hook." EXPLANATION. The turning which precedes a right line, downstroke, is called "a hook." INSTRUCTION.-1. The parallels as before. 2. Commence with an upstroke, at the middle point between the parallels. 3. Turn the stroke at the upper line and finish with a downstroke. DICTATION."Hook, right line."t EXERCISE. This Exercise to be repeated through out the line, and at the teacher's discretion. * Mulhauser's Manual of Writing, published by W. Parker, West Strand. + Mulhauser's Manual, as before. INSTRUCTION.-1. The diagram may be placed before the children as a copy or model; but it is recommended that the following dictation may be introduced in the first line of Examples. 2. The parallels to be drawn. DICTATION.-"Right line, link," "Hook, right line," "Hook, right line, link." INSTRUCTION.-1. Let three lines be drawn pa rallel to one another, and about the usual distance apart. (The middle line may be rubbed out after the first exercise.) 2. Between the first and second parallels, let a right line downstroke be made. 3. Let this downstroke be continued onwards towards the lowest line, being slightly curved as it proceeds through the lower space. 4. At the bottom line let it be turned upwards, so as to form a narrowed oval loop; and let this upstroke terminate after cutting through the downstroke, a little below the second parallel. DICTATION.- EXERCISE 1. The downward loop as above. 2. The upward loop as in the annexed Examples. (Invert the DIAGRAM.) 3. Both kinds of loops omitting the middle parallel. EXPLANATION.-In its simple form the crochet is nothing more than a curve, resembling the lower part of an oval, appended to an upstroke. |