ENCYCLOPEDIA

OF

SCIENCE, LITERATURE, AND ART.

SYSTEMATICALLY ARRANGED

BY

J. G. HECK.

TRANSLATED FROM THE GERMAN, WITH ADDITIONS,

AND EDITED BY

SPENCER F. BAIRD, A.M., M.D.,

PROFESSOR OF NATURAL SCIENCES IN DICKINSON COLLEGE, CARLISLE, PA.

ILLUSTRATED BY FIVE HUNDRED STEEL PLATES,

CONTAINING UPWARDS OF TWELVE THOUSAND ENGRAVINGS.

IN FOUR VOLUMES.

VOL. I:

MATHEMATICS AND ASTRONOMY,

PHYSICS AND METEOROLOGY, CHEMISTRY, MINERALOGY,
GEOGNOSY AND GEOLOGY.