Solution: 300 £. × 40=12000; and 12000÷9=$1333}, the value of 300 £. in federal money. Then, $1333 1.20 $1600, the value in federal money increased by the gain per cent.; therefore, $1600÷360= $4.444, the required price of one yard. If the wholesale price only be required, it is only necessary to omit the last step. Thus the $1600 is the wholesale price of the cloth given in the preceding sum. To solve sums like the preceding by canceling : RULE.-Place the whole cost in the given currency first above, and (if the retail price be required) the number expressing the quantity procured for that price, first below, a horizontal line. Write next above the line the value of a unit of the given currency, in federal money. And, lastly, to increase or diminish the price by the required per cent., place 100 below the line, and 100 increased by the per cent. to be gained, or diminished by the per cent. to be lost, above the same. Note 1st.-If the wholesale price be required, the number expressing the whole quantity (by the preceding rule, placed below the line) must be rejected. Note 2d. Whenever in the preceding tables the value of a number of units of foreign currency is given in federal money, place that number below the line, and its federal value above the sum. (See £'s sterling.) The preceding sum stated for canceling : 300. 40. 120 360. 9. 100' To understand the reason of the middle terms, see Note 2d, and £'s sterling in the preceding tables. 40 300. 40. 120 360. 9. 10Q" And 40+9=$4.444,+ the answer, the same as before. 2. Purchased in London 350 yards of sheeting for 75 £., and paid 12 £. for its transportion to New York city; how must I retail the same in federal money, to gain 15 per cent. on the first cost? Ans. $1.27.+ Statement, 87. 40. 115 350. 9. 100* The 87 in the statement-75 £,+12 £. 3. Received from London 470 yards of dimity, which, including transportation, cost me 65 £.; sold the same by the yard so as to gain 30 per cent. on the first cost; how did I sell it? Ans. $0.799+ per yard. 4. Received from Dublin 600 yards of Irish linen, the whole cost of which was 75 £. Irish currency; how must I retail the same in federal money, to gain 12 per cent.? Ans. $0.576+ per yard. 5. My agent in Dublin has forwarded to me 900 yards of linen; whole cost 60 £. Irish currency; how must I retail the same in federal money, to gain 15 per cent.? Ans. $0.314.+ 6. I have in my store 120 yards of broadcloth, forwarded me by my agent in Paris, which cost me, including transportation, 325 crowns; how must I sell the same in federal money, to gain 16 per cent.? Ans. $3.455+ per yard. 7. Received 680 yards of silk from Paris, for which I paid 560 crowns; expenses of transportation, 12 crowns; how must I sell the same in federal money, to gain 30 per cent.? Ans. $1.20+ per yard. 8. Received from Madrid 6 hogsheads of wine, each containing 63 gallons, for which my agent paid 188 Spanish dollars; how must I sell the same per gallon, to gain 12 per cent.? Ans. $0.559.+ 9. I have on hand a bale of silk, containing 174 yards, which I received from Cadiz, at a cost, including transportation, of 140 piastres or Spanish dollars; how must I sell the same per yard, to gain 5 per cent.? Ans. $0.844.+ 10. Received from Oporto 3 hogsheads of port wine, containing 63 gallons each; cost, including transportation, 30 milrees per hogshead; how must I retail the same by the gallon, to gain 25 per cent.? Ans. $0.738.+ 11. How must I sell broadcloth by the yard, in federal money, of which 3 pieces, each containing 35 yards, cost me 135 £. sterling, to gain 30 per cent.? Ans. $7.428.+ whole 12. Received from A. B., Dublin, 560 yards of linen; cost 90 £. Irish currency; what must be the retail price, in federal money, to gain 15 per cent.? Ans. $0.757+ per yard. 13. Received from the same 600 yards of muslin,worth 56 £.; how must I sell the whole quantity in federal money, to gain 5 per cent.? Ans. $241.08. 14. Consigned to my agent, J. Jones, of London, 300 barrels of flour, for which I paid $1500; how many pounds sterling ought he to receive for the same, to gain 10 per cent., the expense of transportation being $50? Ans. 383 £. 12 s. 6d. 15. Received of my agent in London, J. Jones, 2510 gallons of Madeira wine, which cost me, per invoice, 1640 £. sterling; but it being of an inferior quality, I am willing to lose 5 per cent. on the cost; what must be the price per gallon, în federal money? Ans. $2.758.+ 16. Three men trading in company, received from France 1200 bottles of champagne, for which they paid 600 French guineas, each $4.60; how must they sell the same per bottle, in federal money, to gain 40 per cent., and what will be each man's gain per bottle? Ans. $3.22 per bottle; each man's gain per bottle, $0.306.+ › 17. Received 300 ells of cloth from Hamburgh, which cost me 1500 mark bancos; how must the same be sold in federal money, by the yard, to gain 12 per cent., the ell Hamburgh being 2 qr.? Ans. $1.17.+ 18. New York, Jan. 6, 1838. This day received from Amsterdam, 600 yards of carpeting; whole cost, 2400 guilders. Required the retail price in federal money, to gain 20 per cent. Ans. $1.92 per yard. 19. Shipped to London 380 barrels of flour, which cost me, including transportation, $6 per barrel. How many English crowns must I receive for the whole quantity, to gain 10 per Ans. 2280 crowns. cent. 20. Shipped to Dublin 3000 bushels of flax-seed, which cost me $2500. How many pounds, Irish currency, must I receive for the whole quantity, to gain 5 per cent.? Ans. 640 £. 4 s. 10 d. 2 qr.+ 21. Boston, Jan. 16, 1835. This day received from my agent at Lisbon, 16 hogsheads of wine, each 65 gallons; whole cost, 640 milrees. The whole being of an inferior quality, I am willing to lose 6 per cent. on the cost. How much in federal money must I charge per gallon? Ans. $0.72, nearly. 22. New York, Sept. 6, 1835. This day received from A. B., London, 1200 yards of superfine broadcloth; whole cost, 1500 £. How must 1 sell the same in federal money, at wholesale, to realize a profit of 20 per cent. ? Ans. $8000. 23. Received from Russia a quantity of fur; whole cost, 900 silver rubles. What must be the wholesale price in federal money, to make an advance of 15 per cent. on the cost? Ans. $776.25. 24. Boston, Feb. 26, 1836. This day received from my agent in Paris, 24 hogsheads French wine, each 60 gallons; whole cost, 288 guineas. How must the same be retailed by the quart, in federal money, to gain 12 per cent. ? Ans. $0.258.+ 25. Shipped to my agent in London, 650 barrels of flour; whole cost, $3600. How many pounds sterling must I receive for the same, to gain 10 per cent. on the cost? Ans. 891 £. QUESTIONS.-What operations are included under this rule? How is a foreign currency reduced to federal money? How is the operation performed, when it is required to find how goods, the value of which is given in a foreign currency, must be sold to gain or lose a certain per cent. in federal money? What is the rule for canceling? What is Note 1st? What is Note 2d? TARE AND TRET. We come now to consider the allowances to be made in the purchase of goods by weight. The following particulars require to be first noticed: Gross Weight is the whole weight of the goods purchased, including that of the box, barrel, bag, &c. containing them. Draft is a deduction from the gross weight made in favor of the buyer. Tare is an allowance made for cask, box, barrel, &c. containing the goods; and may be either a certain deduction from the whole quantity, or so much per box, &c. Tret is an allowance of 4 lb. for every 104 lb. made for the dust, &c. Suttle is what remains after some of the preceding allowances have been made. Net Weight is what remains after all the deductions have been made. Ex. 1. Bought a hogshead of sugar, weighing 7 cwt. 2 qr. 26 lb., tare on the whole, 3 qr. 24 lb. What is the net weight? 2. What is the net weight of 12 casks of raisins, each weighing 2 cwt. 2 qr. 14 lb., tare per cask, 12 lb. ? 2 cwt. 2 qr. 14 lb. x 12-31 cwt. 2 qr., the gross weight. 12 x12=144 lb. 1 cwt. 1 qr. 4 lb.; and 31 cwt. 2 qr. - 1 cwt. 1 qr. 4 lb. 30 cwt. 0 qr. 24 lb. Ans. 3. What is the net weight of 6 casks of prunes, each weighing 3 cwt. 2 qr. 10 lb., tare 20 lb. per cask? cwt. 1 qr. 24 lb. Ans. 20 4. What is the net weight of 44 cwt. gross, if 14 lb. per cwt. be allowed for tare? 44×14=616 lb.=5 cwt. 2qr., and 44 cwt. 5 cwt. 2 qr.=38 cwt. 2 qr. Ans. Or the solution may be effected by canceling, by the following rule: RULE. Place the whole gross weight first above a horizontal line. Then place 112 lb. below the line, with 112 diminished by the tare per cwt., standing directly above it. Cancel, &c. The above sum solved by this rule : and 11x7=77, and 77÷2=38 cwt. 2 qr. 28 2 5. Bought 84 cwt. of sugar. What is the net weight, if 20 lb. per cwt. be allowed for tare? Ans. 69 cwt. qr. 6. Bought 9 hogsheads of sugar, each weighing 8 cwt. 2 From this, a deduction of 16 lb. per cwt. was made for What was the net weight? Ans. 65 cwt. 2 qr. 8 lb. tare. Note 1st.-When the price per cwt. or per lb. is given, the reduction for tare and tret may be made, and the whole cost ascertained by a single statement, as may be seen from the following example: |