tence, "I called the New World into ex- Wilberforce, whose benevolent principles istence to redress the balance of the Old "; were practically the great question at and Chatham, his eagle face kindling stake in the American Civil War, and with the passion with which he pleaded from whom the American abolitionists the rights of the colonists. There, too, lies W. Lloyd Garrison and Wendell Phillips

drew no small part of their inspira- Here lay for a time the body of one of the tion.

Among the statesmen in the north transept, next to the statue of Lord Beaconsfield, is the monument of the Irish admiral, Sir Peter Warren, who helped to take Louisburg from the French in 1745. He commanded on the American Station for years, and owned the tract of land in New York City once known as Greenwich Village. His house was still shown in 1863. Warren Street and Warren Placewhich run through part of his original property-are named from him. Roubiliac in his bust has been so faithful as to indicate even the marks of the small-pox on Sir Peter's face.

Then, passing along the north ambulatory, take a long look at the monument of the "little, sickly, red-haired " hero and enthusiast whose courage and genius stormed the Heights of Abraham, and secured for Great Britain the possession of Canada. The figure of Wolfe is ridiculously represented undraped, only that the sculptor, Joseph Wilton, might conveniently display his knowledge of anatomy.

Just beyond the tomb is the chapel of Abbot Islip, over which you will see, in the Effigy Chamber, which can only be visited by a special order, the large chest in which the remains of André were sent home from America.

Passing into Henry VII.'s Chapel, Americans will certainly look with some sense of participation on Boehm's exquisite effigy of Dean Stanley. For America he always felt an enthusiastic affection, and his visit to America was the one event which conspicuously brightened his sad closing years. Nothing more delighted him than the enthusiastic interest of Americans in the abbey which he so dearly loved. He was always ready to show its wonders to the many transatlantic visitors who found in the deanery a cordial welcome. His sermons and addresses delivered in America have a permanent value, and will long endear him to the hearts of our kin beyond sea.

most remarkable men and righteous rulers whom England has ever produced-the Lord Protector, Oliver Cromwell. In the chapel also lay his venerable mother, Elizabeth Cromwell, his sister, Mrs. Desborough, and others of his family. Here, too, or in other parts of the abbey, once lay the mortal bodies of Admiral Blake, one of the greatest of England's seamen ; of Sir Thomas May, the translator of Lu can, and historian of the Long Parliament; of Pym and Strode and Bradshaw and Ireton. It is a shameful and too familiar fact that the bodies of Cromwell, Bradshaw, and Ireton were exhumed and hung on the gallows at Tyburn, and that their heads-"but not until they had quite done with them," as Carlyle sayswere stuck on pikes at the top of Westminster Hall. Others of the commonwealth personages, to the number of twenty-one, were exhumed by an act of poor and base revenge, under an order dated at the Court of Whitehall, Sept. 9, 1661, and were flung promiscuously into a nameless pit at the northwest of the abbey, where their remains lie without a memorial to this day. Deep, indeed, would have been the interest of Americans in the graves of some of these. But the vault in which Cromwell lay was reserved in part to bury the illegitimate children of Charles II. Could there be a more striking proof that the Revolution had failed for the time than the fact that these scions of profligate amours were thought sufficiently royal for graves which the mortal remains of a Cromwell and a Blake had been supposed to desecrate?

With all the greater relief, then, will you walk back with me to Poets' Corner, and look on the memorial of John Milton. He died in 1674, and it required a century to elapse before England ventured on a public recognition of his supreme greatness. When Dr. Smalridge wrote for the statue of John Philips the ridiculous eulogy that he was "Uni Miltono Secundus, primoque pone par," the line was erased by the narrow prejudice of Bishop Sprat, who would not have the walls of the abbey "polluted" by the name of the author of Paradise Lost, because that poet had written the Defensio Populi Anglicani, and been a friend of Cromwell, Harring

To the left of this little chapel is the one which forms the extreme east of Henry VII.'s Chapel, and of which the windows are still full of the significant emblems placed there by the royal builder.

ton, and Vane. In 1737 the monument to England, and all that was Protestant in Milton was erected by Auditor Benson. her religion." The yoke of absolutism The admission of this monument here, a which in the seventeenth century we had century and a half ago, is one more sign not strength to throw off in the motherthat the Revolution did not wholly fail country you escaped in the colony, and even in England, and that there were there, beyond the reach of the Restoration,

those who even then revered the names of Milton's vision proved true, and a free
Cromwell and Milton. But the principles
of that Revolution, never wholly forgotten
by Englishmen, were completely trium-
phant in America. The colonists carried
to America, as Mr. Gladstone has said,
"all that was democratic in the policy of

community was founded, though in a humble and unsuspected form, which depended on the life of no single chief, and lived on when Cromwell died. Milton, when the night of the Restoration closed on the brief and stormy day of his party,

bated no jot of hope. He was strong in 1872; and invented the first copper-coatthat strength of conviction which assures ed carbons in 1873. Two years later he spirits like his of the future, however settled in Newark, N. J., where he estab dark the present may appear. But could lished the Weston Dynamo-Electric Mahe have beheld it, the morning, moving chine Company in 1877, and four years westward in the track of the Puritan later merged it with the United States emigrants, had passed from his hemisphere only to shine in yours, with no fitful ray, but with a steady brightness which will in due time reillumine the feudal darkness of the Old World.

Westminster Assembly, an assembly of divines called at Westminster by the British Parliament in 1641. Urgent let. ters were sent to Messrs. Cotton, of Boston, Hooker, of Hartford, and Davenport, of New Haven, to represent the New England churches in that assembly. They declined the invitation, for they had word concerning a breach between Parliament and the King, and letters from England advised them to wait. It was at the beginning of the civil war in England. Besides, Mr. Hooker was then framing a system of church government for the Congregational churches of New England, let the determination of Westminster be what it might.

Westminster, TREATY OF, a treaty between England and Holland, concluded March 6, 1674. By this treaty, proclaimed simultaneously at London and The Hague, New Netherland was surrendered to the English. Information of this surrender was first made known to the Dutch governor, Clove, by two men from Connecti

cut.

The inhabitants of New Orange (as New York had been renamed) were so exasperated that the bearers of the evil news were arrested and punished. They gathered in excited groups in the streets, and cursed the States-General for giving up the fairest colony belonging to the Dutch. They declared that no authority of States or Prince could compel them to yield the country to the English again; and that they would fight to defend it "so long as they could stand with one leg and fight with one hand." They had tasted of English liberty and found it bitter; but they quietly submitted.

Electric Lighting Company, of which he was electrician until 1888. He has made many improvements in electric lighting and other electrical devices. In 1888 he was made president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers.

Weston, THOMAS, colonist; born in England about 1575; became a wealthy merchant in London. An active member of the Plymouth Company, he sold out his interest in the affair and entered upon speculation on his own account. Sixty men, chiefly indentured servants, without women, were sent to the Plymouth colony to make a new and independent settlement not far away. They subsisted for two or three months on the bounty of the Plym outh people, and committed thefts and other crimes. Late in the year (1622) they established themselves at Wissagasset (now Weymouth), on the south shore of Massachusetts Bay, where they wasted their provisions and were reduced to great distress. They dispersed in small parties, begging or stealing from the Indians, who finally resolved to destroy the unwelcome intruders. At about that time Edward Winslow visited and healed the sick Massasoit, who, in gratitude, gave his healer warning of the plot.

Winslow hastened back and laid the matter before the governor, when Captain Standish was sent with eight men, under the pretext of trade, to ascertain the truth and warn the Wissagasset men of their danger. He was ordered, if the natives were hostile, to bring back the head of Wituwamut, a noted warrior, mentioned as the leader of the conspirators. Standish found the Indians full of defiance. Taking this as an evidence of their guilt. Standish, being with the obnoxious chief and three of his followers in a cabin, and having his men with him, closed the door, and at a given signal seized the Weston, EDWARD, electrician; born in knife of one of the warriors and stabbed England, May 9, 1850; came to the Unit- Wituwamut to the heart. Two of the ed States in 1870, and became chemist others were slain, and the third-a boyin the American Nickel-plating Company; was hanged. The Indians, alarmed, fled studied dynamo electric machinery in to the swamps, and several more of them

were killed. Then the ill-favored plantation several addresses. To the military and civil authorities he said:

of Wissagasset was abandoned. Wituwamut's head was carried to Plymouth upon a pole and set up as a warning to the other Indians. This savage work distressed the good Robinson, who wrote to the Plymouth colonists, "Oh, how happy a thing would it have been that you had converted some before you killed any!" Weston died in England after 1624. Weston's

THOMAS.

Colony.

See WESTON,

"It is quite impossible to concede that the status of the rebellion and the manner in which the rebel chiefs have overrun the island. the active pursuit by our troops being unable to check them, indicates indifference or a lack of spirit on the part of the inhabitants, for I do not understand how property holders can remain inactive and neutral while their plantations are being burned before their eyes, making no efforts whatever to aid those who would punish such vandalism. Nor can I explain how some, even among native Spaniards, residents of the island, can sympathize with the insurgents.

Weyler y Nicolau, VALERIANO, military officer; born in Spain in 1840; became a lieutenant-general in the Spanish army and captain-general of the Canary Islands when thirty-nine years old as a reward for his services in the Santo Do- "It is therefore necessary for the govmingo campaign. He distinguished him- ernment to throw more energy into the self during the Carlist War, and attracted campaign, and thus reanimate the people, attention to himself during the Spanish reinspiring them with new confidence in War against the Moors in Africa. Gen- the final triumph of our cause, at the same eral Weyler was sent to Cuba in the early time letting it be known that, while we

GENERAL WEYLER.

part of the Ten Years' War and served under two captain-generals. He remained there more than two years and was sent back to Spain on account of complaints against him for alleged cruelty. It was during this campaign in Cuba that he received his title of "The Butcher." While there, his troops, with his knowledge, committed dreadful outrages in the province of Santiago, and especially in Camaguey.

are prepared to protect the lives and property of those loyal to Spain, we purpose to severely punish all who assist our enemies, directly or indirectly, or who endeavor in any wise to belittle the prestige of our troops, whether regulars or volunteers.

"We must insist that those who profess themselves loyal to the cause of Spain manifest it by acts as well as words, that all doubts as to their sincerity may be removed. All such must prove their fealty. If they are Spaniards they must send their sons to fight for Spain, and be willing to make the utmost sacrifice in defence of Spanish supremacy here as well as in the peninsula.

"To leave the regular forces free for operation smaller towns must organize and maintain their local defences, and residents therein suspected of sympathy with the revolution will be taken into custody and placed at the disposition of the military authorities for trial. Fresh guerillas must be organized and a better spy system inaugurated to keep track of the enemy's movements."

In a proclamation to the inhabitants of Cuba, he said:

In January, 1896, he was appointed "I take charge with the confidence captain-general of Cuba to succeed Gen. which never abandons a cause of preservMartinez Campos. He landed at Havana, ing the island for Spain. I shall be alFeb. 10, and on the same day issued ways generous with those who surrender,