road, which he was engaged in constructing and equipping as sole superintendent. He was also employed in constructing extensive dock-yards at St. Petersburg, where he died, April 7, 1849.

gents were patriotic citizens. He took in the construction of railroads, and in prompt measures to suppress the insur- 1842 became chief engineer of the St. rection. Governor Mifflin refused to call Petersburg and Moscow (Russia) Railout the militia of Pennsylvania, and Washington resolved to act with vigor. He issued a proclamation requiring the insurgents to desist; and under his authority as President of the United States he called upon the governors of Pennsylvanja, New Jersey, Maryland, and Virginia for a body of 13,000 men, afterwards raised to 15,000. The insurgent counties could bring 16,000 fighting men into the field.

MCNEIL,

Whistler, JAMES ABBOT artist; born in Lowell, Mass., in 1834; educated at the United States Military Academy; went to Europe in 1857; and studied in Paris, where he afterwards made his home. He published Ten O'Clock; The Gentle Art of Making Enemies, etc., and painted portraits of Carlyle, Sarasate, his mother, etc.

Whitaker, EPHER, clergyman; born in Fairfield, N. J., March 27, 1820; graduated at Delaware College in 1847; held pastorates in 1851-92; was moderator of the synod of New York and New Jersey in 1860, and of Long Island in 1871; member of the general assembly of the Presbyterian Church in 1853, 1857, 1860, 1864,

History of Southold, 1640, 1740, 1881, etc.

The troops were placed under the command of Gen. Henry Lee, of Virginia, and their movement was fixed for Sept. 1. Meanwhile three commissioners were sent to the insurgent counties with discretionary authority to arrange for a submission to the laws. Two other commissioners were appointed by the State of Pennsylvania. The two boards crossed the mountains and found the leading insurgents in convention at Parkinson's Ferry. Near by stood a liberty-pole, with the legend 1869, 1875, and 1888, and of several his"Liberty, and no Excise! No asylum torical and other societies. He wrote for cowards and traitors!" A committee of sixty was appointed, and a committee of fifteen met the commissioners at Pittsburg. Among them were the leaders— Bradford, Marshall, Cook, Gallatin, and Brackenridge, а lawyer of Pittsburg. Terms of submission were agreed to, to be ratified, however, by the votes of the people. There was still opposition, but the alacrity with which the President's call for militia was responded to settled the matter. The troops were moving, and complete submission was the result. A final convention at Parkinson's Ferry (Oct. 24, 1794) passed resolutions of submission to authority, that excise officers might safely proceed to their business, and that all excise duties would be paid. Gallatin, in the Assembly of Pennsylvania, in an able speech (December, 1794), admitted his "political sin" in the course he had taken in the insurrectionary movements. The government was strengthened by it. The cost of the insurrection to the national government was fully $1,500,000. Whitaker, WALTER C., military officer; Whistler, GEORGE WASHINGTON, civil born in Shelby county, Ky., in August, engineer; born in Fort Wayne, Ind., May 1823; joined the army as a lieutenant of 19, 1800; graduated at West Point in Kentucky volunteers at the beginning of 1819, and resigned in 1833. He engaged the Mexican War, in which he served

Whitaker, NATHANIEL, clergyman, born on Long Island, N. Y., Feb. 22, 1732; graduated at Princeton College in 1752; ordained in the Congregational Church, and preached till 1761, when he visited England to procure funds for the education of American Indians. The mission met with unexpected favor, about £12,000 being contributed to the cause. The funds were applied to what was known as 'Moor's Indian Charity School," which had been established in Lebanon, Conn. This school was removed to Hanover, N. H., in 1770, and received the name of Dartmouth College, in honor of Lord Dartmouth, who had contributed generously towards the promotion of the object. Dr. Whitaker formed a Presbyterian Church in Salem, Mass., of which he was pastor for a number of years; removed to Maine and later to Virginia. He died in Woodbridge, Va., Jan. 21, 1795. See DARTMOUTH COLLEGE; WHEELOCK, ELEAZAR.

with gallantry; admitted to the bar and White, ANDREW DICKSON, diplomatist; began practice in Shelbyville, Ky.; was a born in Homer, N. Y., Nov. 7, 1832; gradmember of the State Senate in 1861, and uated at Yale College in 1853, and then when his State was invaded by the Con- studied abroad; Professor of History at federates during that year offered the the University of Michigan in 1857-64; resolution" that the governor be re- member of the New York Senate in quested to call out the military force of 1864-67, and during his last term in that the State to expel and drive out the body introduced a bill incorporating Corinvaders." The unanimous adoption of nell University; became first president of this resolution put an end to the sham that institution in 1867, and filled the neutrality of the State. Shortly after post till 1885, when he resigned owing Whitaker entered the National army as to ill-health. He was a special United colonel of the 6th Kentucky Infantry; States commissioner to the republic of was promoted brigadier-general in June, Santo Domingo in 1871, and commissioner 1863; won distinction in the battles of to the Paris exposition in 1878; was Shiloh, Stone River, and Lookout Moun- United States minister to Germany in tain, and in other engagements; and was 1879-81, and to Russia in 1892-94. He brevetted major-general of volunteers in was a member of the Venezuela boundary recognition of his services.

He died in Lyndon, Ky.,

July 9, 1887.

Whitcomb, JAMES, governor; born near Windsor, Vt., Dec. 1, 1795; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1822; began practice in Bloomington, Ind., in 1824; was governor of Indiana in 1843-49, and during his last term recruited five infantry regiments for the Mexican War. He was elected United States Senator in 1849. He died in New York City, Oct. 4, 1852. He was the author of Facts for the People, a pamphlet in favor of freetrade.

White, ANDREW, clergyman; born in London, England, presumably in 1579; was ordained a priest in 1605; became a Jesuit in 1609; accompanied Lord Baltimore to America in 1633; labored among the Piscataway and Patuxent Indians, and translated into the Indian

language

a

ANDREW DICKSON WHITE.

was appointed

catechism, grammar, and vocabulary. His commission in 1896-97; Letters of Missionaries; Narrative of chairman of the American delegation to publications include Extracts from the ambassador to Germany in 1897; and was Travels in Maryland; Declaration to the the peace conference at The Hague in

Colonies by Lord Baltimore. He died in 1899.

London, England, Dec. 27, 1656.

He is an officer of the Legion of Honor of France. His publications in

clude A History of the Warfare of Science have decided that battle, for in the crisis with Theology; Lectures on Medieval and of the action he shot and mortally woundModern History; Studies in History, etc. ed King Fisher, the leading chief, whereWhite, ANTHONY WALTON, military upon the Indians fled in all directions. officer; born in New Brunswick, N. J., White then studied law in Philadelphia. July 7, 1750; was appointed lieutenant- Pa., and began practice in Knoxville, colonel of the 3d New Jersey Regiment Tenn.; was a judge of the Tennessee Suin February, 1776, and was in command preme Court in 1811-17; and was elected of cavalry in South Carolina in 1780. He United States Senator in 1825 and in and most of his command were captured 1831. In the convention at Baltimore, at Lanneau's Ferry in May of that year. Colonel White was greatly esteemed by Washington, who in 1798 chose him as one of the brigadier-generals of the provisional army. He died in New Bruns

Md., May 20, 1836, when Martin Van Buren was unanimously nominated for President, Tennessee was not represented, that State having nominated Judge White for President in October of the previous year. He carried his State by nearly 10,000 majority and also received the electoral vote of Georgia. In 1840 he was placed upon the Whig ticket under the leadership of General Harrison, but owing

wick, N. J., Feb. 10, 1803. White, DANIEL APPLETON, jurist; born in Methuen (now Lawrence), Mass., June 7, 1776; graduated at Harvard College in 1797; admitted to the bar in 1804; member of the legislature of Massachusetts to ill-health was not able to make the in 1810-15; and was judge of probate of Essex county, Mass., for thirty-eight years. He was the author of Eulogy on George Washington; View of the Court of Probate in Massachusetts; New England Congregationalism in Its Origin and Purity, etc. He died in Salem, Mass., March 30, 1861.

White, HENRY, clergyman; born in Wilbraham, Mass., Aug. 3, 1790; graduated at Bangor Theological Seminary in 1823; ordained in the Congregational Church and held various pastorates in Maine and New Hampshire. He was the author of Early History of New England, illustrated with Numerous Early Incidents. He died in Garland, Me., Dec. 8. 1858.

canvass. He died in Knoxville, Tenn., April 10, 1840.

White, JAMES, pioneer; born in Iredell county, N. C., in 1737; served in the Continental army during the Revolutionary War; received his pay in a grant of land from North Carolina which he located in 1787 on the Holston River, near the mouth of the French Broad. He here be gan a settlement which soon after was made the capital of the Southwest Territory. Under the name of Knoxville it became a thriving town and White acquired a fortune in selling land. In 1796, when Tennessee became a State, he was elected to its Senate and shortly after was made speaker of that body. He died in Knoxville, Tenn., in 1815.

Church, Dorchester, in 1606; and drew up the first charter of the Massachusetts colony. He died in Dorchester, England, July 21, 1648.

White, HENRY ALEXANDER, historian; White, JOHN, clergyman; born in Stanborn in Greenbrier county, Va. (now ton, Oxfordshire, England, in 1575; eduWest Virginia), April 15, 1868'; gradu- cated at Oxford; was rector of Trinity ated at Washington and Lee University in 1885, and studied at the Union Theological Seminary; was ordained in the Presbyterian Church in 1889; accepted the chair of History in Washington and Lee University. His publications include Robert E. Lee and the Southern Confedcracy; Historical Addresses, etc.

White, JOHN, clergyman; born in Watertown, Mass., in 1677; graduated at Harvard in 1698; held a pastorate in Gloucester, Mass., in 1703-60. He was the author of New England's Lamentation for the Decay of Godliness, and a Funeral Sermon on John Wise. He died in Gloucester, Mass., Jan. 17, 1760.

White, HUGH LAWSON, jurist; born in Iredell county, N. C., Oct. 30, 1773; enlisted as a private under General Sevier in 1800, and was with him when the power of the Cherokee Indians was crushed at White, JOHN, jurist; born in Kentucky the battle of Etowah. White is said to in 1805; received an academic education;

admitted to the bar and began practice in
Richmond, Ky.; member of Congress in
1835-45 and was speaker in 1841-43; and
was appointed judge of the 19th District
of Kentucky in March, 1845. He died in
Richmond, Ky., Sept. 22, 1845.

utor to the Galaxy and the Atlantic
Monthly; and wrote National Hymns, a
Lyrical and National Study for the Times;
The American View of the Copyright
Question; Poetry of the Civil War, etc.
He died in New York City, Aug. 8, 1885.

White, JOHN, military officer; born in White, STANFORD, architect; born in England; was a surgeon in the British New York, Nov. 9, 1853; educated at the army settled in Philadelphia, and after University of the City of New York; studthe outbreak of the Revolutionary War ied architecture: was chief assistant of joined the Continental army as captain; the late Henry H. Richardson in the conand became colonel of the 4th Georgia struction of Trinity Church, Boston; and Battalion. It is reported that at the since 1881 has been a member of the firm siege of Savannah he captured by strategy of McKim, Mead & White, in New York Captain French and 111 regulars about City. He designed Madison Square Garden, 25 miles from Savannah on the Ogeechee the new University of the City of New River, and also forty sailors, and 130 York, the Washington Centennial Arch in stands of arms. He was wounded during New York City, the University of Virthe attack on Spring Hill, Oct. 9, 1779. ginia; and the pedestals of St. Gaudens's It is supposed he died in Virginia in 1780. principal statues. White, JOHN BLAKE, artist; born near White, TRUMBULL, journalist; born in Eutaw Springs, S. C., Sept. 2, 1781; Winterset, Ia., Aug. 12, 1868; received studied art abroad in 1800-4; returned a collegiate education: was engaged in to the United States and began work in journalism, principally on Chicago daily Boston, but not attaining anticipated papers, in 1889-94; travelled in Europe success went to Charleston, S. C., where and Mexico in 1894-96; accompanied the he was admitted to the bar. He achieved Cuban and Porto Rico expeditions in success in the law and was many times a charge of the Chicago Record's news sermember of the South Carolina legislature. vice; visited Hawaii, Samoa, New ZeaHis paintings include Battle of Eutaw land, and Australia in 1897-98 for the Springs; Battle of Fort Moultrie; Bat- same paper; and later was its correspondtle of New Orleans; Marion Inviting the ent in Russia. He is the author of WizBritish Officer to Dinner; and Mrs. Motte ard of Wall Street; Free Silver in MexPresenting the Arrows. He was elected ico (with William E. Curtis): Our War

a member of the National Academy of Design in 1847. His publications include Triumph of Liberty, or Louisiana Preserved, and several dramas. He died in Charleston, S. C., Aug. 24, 1859.

with Spain; Our New Possessions; Through Darkest America, etc.

White, WILLIAM, clergyman; born in Philadelphia, Pa., April 4, 1748; graduated at Philadelphia College in 1765; White, PEREGRINE, pioneer; the first studied theology, and was admitted to child of English parents born in New priest's orders in England in April, 1772. England; born on the Mayflower while Returning to Philadelphia, he became asshe lay in Cape Cod Bay, Nov. 20, 1620: sistant minister of Christ Church and son of William and Susanna White. He St. Peter's, and in April, 1779. was occupied numerous civil and military chosen rector of those churches. He was offices in the colony, and died in Marshfield, Mass., July 22, 1704.

elected chaplain to Congress at York, Pa.. in 1778. Dr. White presided at the first White, RICHARD GRANT, journalist; convention of the Protestant Episcopal born in New York City, May 22, 1822; Church in America in 1785, and the congraduated at the University of the City stitution of that Church was written by of New York in 1839; studied both law him. The diocese of Pennsylvania elected and medicine, and was admitted to the him bishop in 1786, and he was consebar in 1845. He soon afterwards de- crated by the Archbishop of Canterbury, voted himself entirely to newspaper and literary work, and especially to the study of languages. He was a frequent contrib

Feb. 4, 1787, returning to Philadelphia on Easter Day. Bishop White was very active in the Church and in society. He

was president of the Philadelphia Bible from which rises the staircase that is Society, of the Dispensary, of the Prison Society, and of the societies for the benefit of the deaf and dumb and the blind.