Utrecht, Long Island, Sept. 10, 1776. A Infantry and retired. He died in Newark, narrative of his capture and death was O., Feb. 26, 1885.

published by Henry Onderdonk, Jr., in Woods, WILLIAM ALLEN, jurist; born 1848. His own Journal of the Mon- in Marshall county, Tenn., May 16, 1837; treal Expedition in 1760 was published graduated at Wabash College in 1859; in the Historical Magazine in September, 1861.

admitted to the bar in 1861; a member of the Indiana State legislature in 1867; Woodmen of America, FRATERNITY OF circuit judge of the 34th circuit of MODERN, a beneficial organization found- Indiana in 1873–80; judge of the Supreme ed in 1884; reported in 1900: head camp, Court in 1881-83; United States district 1; subordinate camps, 8,756; members, judge for Indiana in 1883-92; and Unit547,629; benefits paid in the last fiscal ed States circuit judge from 1892 till year, $3,453,550; benefits paid since or his death. He died in Indianapolis, Ind., ganization, $18,249,249.

June 29, 1901.

Woods, WILLIAM BURNHAM, jurist; born in Newark, O., Aug. 3, 1824; gradu

Woodmen of the World, a beneficial organization, founded in 1891; reported in 1900: head camps, 3; local camps, ated at Yale College in 1845; studied 2,852; members, 114.643; benefits paid in the last fiscal year, $949.651; benefits paid since organization, $2,976,756.

law and practised in his native place. After the outbreak of the Civil War he entered the army as lieutenant-colonel of the 76th Ohio Volunteers; participated in the actions at Shiloh, Chickasaw Bayou, Dallas, Atlanta, Jonesboro, etc., and in the sieges of Vicksburg and Jackson; was

Woodruff, WILFORD, Mormon; born in Northington (now Avon), Conn., March 1, 1807; was ordained a priest in the Mormon Church in 1833; accompanied the Mormons to Salt Lake City; became one promoted brigadier-general of volunteers, of the twelve apostles in April, 1839; travelled over 150,000 miles on missionary tours; succeeded John Taylor as president of the Mormon Church in 1887; and was a member of the Utah legislature for twenty-two years. He died in Salt Lake City, Utah, Sept. 3, 1898.

and brevetted major general March 13, 1865. After the war he resumed the practice of law; was United States judge of the 5th circuit in 1869-80, and associate justice of the United States Supreme Court in 1880-87. He died in Washington, D. C., May 14, 1887.

Woods, CHARLES ROBERT, military offi- Wood's Holl, a village in the town of cer; born in Newark, O., Feb. 19, 1827; Falmouth, Barnstable co., Mass.; on Buzgraduated at West Point in 1852. Early zard's Bay, Vineyard Sound; 72 miles in 1861 he was quartermaster on General southeast of Boston. For many years it Patterson's staff, and in October became has been one of the best-known harbors colonel of the 76th Ohio Volunteers. He of refuge for shipping on the New Engwas at the capture of Fort Donelson and land coast; but its chief distinction is in the battle of Shiloh. In the South- that it is the site of the most important west, after July, 1862, he commanded a station of the United States fish commisbrigade in the 15th Corps, performing sion in the country, and one of the most gallant service at Arkansas Post (see thoroughly equipped propagating places HINDMAN, FORT). He was in nearly all for food fish in the world. Besides the the battles around Vicksburg in 1863, and appointments of the fish hatchery, the was made brigadier-general in August of station is provided with an admirable that year. He commanded and led a marine biological laboratory, in which a brigade in the contests on Lookout Moun- large number of students are annually intain and Missionary Ridge, and in the structed by a selected corps of teachers. Atlanta campaign he was conspicuous. In the campaign through Georgia to the sea, and through the Carolinas, he led a division of Osterhaus's corps. In March, 1865, he was brevetted major-general, United States army, and in 1874 was promoted colonel of the 2d United States

Woodward, ASHBEL, physician; born in Wellington, Conn., June 26, 1804; graduated at the medical department of Bowdoin College in 1829, and practised in Franklin, Conn.; was surgeon of the 26th Army Corps in the Civil War and was present at the fall of Port Hudson. He

spent much time in historical research. without loss. He selected the ground for He was the author of Vindication of Gen. the battle of Buena Vista, and commanded Israel Putnam; Historical Account of in the early part of the action until the the Connecticut Medical Society; Bio- arrival of General Taylor. For his congraphical Sketches of the Early Physi- duct there he was brevetted major-general cians of Norwich; Life of Gen. Nathaniel and received the thanks of Congress and Lyon; The Two Hundredth Anniversary of Franklin, etc. He died in Franklin, Conn., Nov. 20, 1885.

Woodward, AUGUSTUS B., jurist; born in Virginia, presumably in 1775; studied law; went to Michigan in 1805, and became a judge there. In 1824 he was made a judge in the Territory of Florida. His publications include Considerations on the Executive Government of the United States of America, etc. He died in Florida in 1827.

Woodworth, SAMUEL, author; born in Scituate, Mass., Jan. 13, 1785; learned the printer's trade; printed a weekly paper in New Haven, Conn., in 1807; removed to New York in 1809; and conducted The War, a weekly journal, and The Halcyon Luminary, a monthly magazine, during the War of 1812. He wrote The Champions of Freedom, a romantic history of the war, and several dramatic pieces; edited the Parthenon; published many poems; and was one of the founders of the New York Mirror. He died in New York, Dec. 9, 1842.

JOHN ELLIS WOOL.

a sword. The New York legislature also presented him with a sword. In 1856 he quelled Indian disturbances in Oregon, and was called to the command of the Department of the East, where he furnished the means for the salvation of the national capital and Fort Monroe from seizure in April, 1861.

Wool, JOHN ELLIS, military officer; born in Newburg, N. Y., Feb. 20, 1784. His early education was meagre, but before he was twenty-one he was owner of a book-store in Troy. Losing his property by fire, he studied law, and on April 15, 1812, entered the army as captain in the 13th United States Infantry, raising a company in Troy. At the battle of When he heard of the attack on MassaQueenston Heights he was severely wound- chusetts troops in Baltimore, he hastened ed; and, for gallantry in the battles at to Albany to confer with Governor Morand near Plattsburg (Sept. 11, 1813), gan. That official resolved to push forhe was brevetted lieutenant-colonel. In 1841 he became brigadier-general. He had been sent to Europe by the government United States quartermaster at New in 1832 to examine some of the military York to furnish all needful transportasystems on that continent, and witnessed tion, and the commissary of subsistence the siege of Antwerp. In 1846 he organ- was directed to issue thirty days' rations ized and disciplined volunteers for the to every soldier who might be ordered to war with Mexico, and in less than six Washington. Wool went to New York on weeks despatched to the seat of war 12, the 22d, and made his headquarters at the 000 men fully armed and equipped. Col- St. Nicholas Hotel, where he was waited lecting 3,000 men, he penetrated Mexico upon by the Union' defence committee. to Saltillo, after a march of 900 miles A plan of operations for the salvation of

WOOL

the national capital was arranged be- ammunition, etc., without consultation " with the authorities at Washington.

To

1869.

Wool. The following table shows the production of wool in the United States, by States and Territories, during the calendar year 1900:

Number of

Wool Washed

States and Territories. Sheep. April and Unwashed. Wool Scoured.

Maine

New York..
New Jersey
Pennsylvania..
Delaware..

Maryland.
North Carolina.
Virginia
South Carolina.

110,384 2,333,031

tween them. At that time all communication with the government was cut off He was made commander of Fort by the Confederates in Baltimore. The Monroe in August, 1861, and led the exgeneral-in-chief (Scott) could not commu- pedition that took possession of Norfolk, nicate with a regiment outside of the in May, 1862, in which month he was national capital, and Wool was compelled promoted major-general, United States to act in conformity to the demands of the army, and placed at the head of the 8th crisis, and to assume great responsibili- Army Corps, but did not appear in the ties. Knowing General Scott's disposi- field. He died in Troy, N. Y., Nov. 10, tion, Wool said, "I shall probably be the only victim; but, under the circumstances, I am ready to make the sacrifice, if, thereby, the capital may be saved." With the tireless energy of a man of forty years he labored. Ships were chartered, supplies were furnished, and troops were forwarded to Washington with extraordinary despatch, by way of Chesapeake Bay and the Potomac River. The transports were convoyed by armed steamers, to protect them from pirates, and one of them, the Quaker City, was sent to Hampton Roads. the immensely important work, Fort Monroe, Wool sent gun-carriages, ammunition, and provisions, that it might be held to command the chief waters of Virginia. A dozen State governors applied to him, as the only superior military officer that could be reached. for advice and for munitions of war; and he assisted in arming no less than nine States. With rare vigilance he directed Governor Yates, of Illinois, to send a force to take possession of the arsenal at St. Louis, which he believed to be in danger. The movement was timely, and 21,000 stands of small-arms, two field- Indiana.. pieces, and 110.000 rounds of ammuni- Wisconsin tion were transferred from St. Louis to Illinois. Troops and ammunition were ordered to Cairo, Ill., and New England governors were authorized to put the coast defences within their respective States in good order. When the troops sent to Washington by Wool had opened communication with that city, the first despatch that he received from Scott was an order (April 30) to return to his headquarters Idaho at Troy for the recovery of his health. known to be feeble." The general's health was then perfect. A month afterwards General Wool was informed by the Secretary of War that he was sent into retirement because he had issued orders, " on the application of various governors, for arms,

66

Georgia..
Florida..

1, 1900.

247,168

Pounds. 1,483,008

Pounds.

889,805

New Hampshire...

76,383

Vermont..

Connecticut.

31.204

171,622

101.257

33,046 353,354

Tennessee.

West Virginia.
Kentucky.
Ohio.

Alabama..
Mississippi.
Louisiana..

Texas.....

Arkansas..

Michigan..

Illinois..

Washington.

Oregon.
California..
Oklahoma..

Woolley, JOHN GRANVILLE, journalist; graduated at Yale College in 1738, and born in Collinsville, O., Feb. 15, 1850; was made captain of an armed vessel to graduated at the Ohio Wesleyan Univer- protect the Connecticut coast in 1739. He sity in 1871; admitted to the bar in 1873; commanded the sloop-of-war Connecticut, was prosecuting attorney in Minneapolis, which convoyed troops on the expedition Minn., in 1881; practised in New York against Louisburg in 1745, and was sent City in 1886; and became a lecturer prin- in command of a cartel-ship, but was not cipally on temperance in 1888. In Au- permitted to land in France. Made capgust, 1899, he became editor of The New tain in Pepperell's regiment, he afterVoice, Chicago, Ill.; and in 1900 was the wards received half-pay until 1774, and, Prohibition candidate for President of as colonel and brigadier-general, served the United States.

Woolsey, MELANCTHON TAYLOR, naval officer; born in New York, in 1782; studied law for a while, but entered the navy as a midshipman, April 9, 1800. He served with credit in the West Indies and the Mediterranean. In 1807 he was commissioned a lieutenant, and in 1808 was sent to Sackett's Harbor to superintend the construction of the Oneida. He served with credit under Commodore Chauncey on Lake Ontario during the War of 181215. Woolsey was made master-commandant in July, 1813, and captain in April, 1816. He commanded the Constellation in the West Indies in 1825-26; had charge of the Pensacola navy-yard in 1827, and performed his last duty afloat on the coast of Brazil. He died in Utica, N. Y., May 18, 1838.

Woolsey, THEODORE DWIGHT, educator; born in New York City, Oct. 31, 1801; graduated at Yale College in 1820; studied theology at Princeton; was licensed to preach in 1825, and became Professor of Greek in Yale in 1831. He was elected president of Yale College in 1846, and resigned the office in 1871. He resided in New Haven afterwards, giving instruction in the Law School. Dr. Woolsey was the author of several valuable works, and editor of classical volumes. He died in New Haven, Conn., July 1, 1889. Woolson, CONSTANCE FENIMORE, author; born in Claremont, N. H., March 5, 1838; grandniece of James Fenimore Cooper; educated in Cleveland, O., and New York City; lectured on literary, social, historical, and dramatic subjects; contributed to periodicals; and wrote Castle Nowhere; Rodman, the Keeper; For the Major; Horace Chase, etc. She died in Venice, Italy, Jan. 24, 1894.

through the French and Indian War. He served in the campaign in Canada in 1775, having been made a brigadier-general in June that year. After the death of Montgomery, he was in chief command for some months, after which he resigned and was made major-general of Connecticut militia. While opposing the invasion of Tryon, sent to destroy stores at Danbury, he was mortally wounded (April 27, 1777), at Ridgefield, and died, May 2 following. The State of Connecticut erected a neat monument over his grave at Danbury.

Worcester, a city and county seat of Worcester county, Mass.; on the Blackstone River; 44 miles west of Boston. It is noted for the variety and extent of its manufactures, especially of wire, envelopes, looms, boots and shoes, and machinery for cotton and woollen mills. The city, which contains a large number of villages, was settled in 1674 under the name of the Quinsigamond Plantations. The first settlement was soon broken up Wooster, DAVID, military officer; born by hostile Indians; as was also the secin Stratford, Conn., March 2, 1710; ond one, in 1684. A permanent one was

made in 1713; the town was incorporated ed States commissioners to the PhilipJune 14, 1722; and a city charter was pines in January, 1899. His publications granted Feb. 29, 1848. The first church include The Philippine Islands and Their was organized in 1719. Between 1790 and People; and articles on the mammals and 1800 Isaiah Thomas, who had moved there birds of the Philippines. from Boston, carried on the most extensive publishing business in the country. The Declaration of Independence was first publicly read in Massachusetts from the steps of the Old South Church there. The development of Worcester's manufacturing interests has been rapid since 1828, when the Blackstone Canal was opened. Population in 1900, 118,421.

Worcester, JOSEPH EMERSON, lexicographer; born in Bedford, N. H., Aug. 24, 1784; graduated at Yale College in 1811. While teaching school at Salem he wrote a Geographical Dictionary, or Universal Gazetteer, Ancient and Modern, published in 1817. In 1818 he issued a Gazetteer of the United States. This was followed by several elementary works on geography and history. In 1828 he issued Johnson's English Dictionary, as Improved by Todd and Abridged by Chalmers, with Walker's Pronouncing Dictionary Combined, to which is added Walker's Key. Dr. Worcester is best known by his series of dictionaries. For a complete list of his

Worcester, DEAN CONANT, zoologist; born in Thetford, Vt., Oct. 1, 1866; graduated at the University of Michigan in 1889; accompanied the Steere Scientific Expedition to the Philippine Islands in 1887-88; conducted a scientific expedition with a single companion to the same islands in 1890-93; and became Professor works see Allibone's Critical Dictionary of Zoology and curator of the Zoological Museum at the University of Michigan in 1895. He was appointed one of the Unit

JOHN LORIMER WORDEN.

of English Literature, and British and American Authors. He died in Cambridge, Mass., Oct. 27, 1865.

Worden, JOHN LORIMER, naval officer; born in Mount Pleasant, Westchester co., N. Y., March 12, 1818; entered the navy in 1834 as midshipman; was made lieutenant in 1846, and commander on July 16, 1862. He was despatched from Washington on the morning of April 7, 1861, by the Secretary of the Navy, to carry orders to Captain Adams, of the Sabine, near Fort Pickens. Worden arrived at Montgomery, Ala., late at night on the 9th, and departed for Pensacola early the next morning. He observed great excitement in the Gulf region, and, fearing he might be arrested, he read his despatches carefully and then tore them up. On the morning of the 11th he arrived at Pensacola. There he was taken before General Bragg, and told that officer he was a lieutenant of the United States navy, and had been sent from Washington, under orders from the Navy Department, to communicate with the squadron under Captain Adams. Bragg im