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mark stages in it, as the Scamander-the tomb of Ilus-the Erineus-the Beech-tree; and again, when we examine the details of Priam's journey in the 24th book, we are conducted to a conclusion precisely similar as to the distance.

We may then consider it as proved that Troy was within three miles of the Greek camp. Now there is no hill within this distance of the ground B, between Scamander and Simois, but Issarlik, and that hill ought therefore to be the site of Troy. But farther, the ground in the neighbourhood of the city and of the camp, and at all intermediate places, is uniformly described by Homer as a plain. Though such minute objects as a fig-tree, a myrtle, a beech-tree, a tumulus, deep sands, and trenches or hollows, are mentioned, there is no hill or eminence (except Batieia, a tumulus) once alluded to in the movements of the armies. This is easily accounted for if Troy was at I, since the height on which it stood would be the first and only hill that occurred on the line of march; but if Troy stood at X, at R, or at O, the entire silence of Homer as to the hill of Issarlik, which the armies would constantly pass in their march, and which must have been of importance as a military post, and his regularly describing the ground with such inequalities of surface as a plain, are difficulties which we leave those to explain whose theories draw such consequences after them.

Troy stood on an eminence, as is clearly shown by the expressions ascending to it, and descending from it, Ilium beat by the winds, and by the precipices under the citadel (11. 111, 253. xvi, 396. xv, 558, &c. Od. vIII, 508). Issarlik is a hill about seven furlongs in length, by five in breadth, with a gentle ascent on all sides but the north, where it presents a rocky front, of seventy feet in height, according to Mr. Turner. It is, in short, exactly such a hill as we should imagine a priori Troy occupied. The fact that a city of the same name existed on the spot, from a period reaching beyond the epochs of regular history, and that this city received visits and honors from kings and conquerors, on the supposition that it was the Ilium of the poet, are all circumstances strongly in favor of the hypothesis. Nor is there a single argument in favor of a more distant position, which cannot be easily answered.

In this outline of Mr. Maclaren's argument, the necessity of being concise has compelled us to leave out a multitude of details, and even some entire branches. He enters into a long discussion, to show that Strabo's site of Troy is the hill O. By dissecting the passage relating to the course of Hector and Achilles, he endeavours to prove, in opposition to Chevalier and Heyné, that the flight was not before, but round and round the city. He has an elaborate argument to show that the two westmost tumuli at Sigeum, are the identical monuments mentioned by Homer. For these and for a fuller view of the reasoning we have abridged, and

for his objections to the sites proposed by Strabo, Chevalier, Dr. Clarke, and Major Rennell, we refer to the work itself. And we shall conclude this article by observing, that Mr. Maclaren's theory has brought us back very nearly to the spot fixed upon by Danville before the present controversies began.

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EXPLANATION OF THE SKETCH.

A The promontory of Sigeum in the Ægean Sea.

B The position of the Greek camp according to Mr. Maclaren. The three dots represent three tumuli, of which the westmost is supposed to be the tomb of Achilles.

C The promontory of Rhoteum in the Hellespont, with the reputed tomb of Ajax.

S The river Mendere of the present day-the Scamander, according to Mr. Maclaren. SFB its present course to the Hellespont; SFE its ancient course.

M The river Dombrik of the present day-the ancient Simois. MEB its present course.

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NO. LIII. B

K The junction of the brook of Kalefat Osmak with the Mendere.

P The junction of the brook of Kimair.

T The brook of Rirke-joss, the Thymbrius of Mr. Maclaren. It once joined the Mendere at F, but is now carried by an artificial cut Q to the Ægean Sea.

L Chevalier's site of Troy, with the springs of his Scamander, Y half a mile below.

R Major Rennell's site of Troy marked by an elliptical dotted line.

O Strabo's site of Troy according to Mr. Maclaren.

X Dr. Clarke's site of Troy, the modern village of Chiblak.

I The hill Issarlik, the site of Ilium Recens, and also of the Troy of Homer, according to Mr. Maclaren.

Dotted lines mark the present course of the sea-coast from B to C, and the present channels of the Mendere and Dombrik to their junction at B.

NUGÆ.

No. VI. [Continued from No. LII. p. 363.]

collecting toys

And trifles for choice matters, worth a spunge;
As children gathering pebbles on the shore.

Paradise Regained.

FABYAN'S Chronicle, Part VII. Chap. ccxxiv. (Expedition of William Rufus into Normandy.) "The master of the ship was afrayed, he sawe the wether so darcke and so clowdy, counsayled the kyng tooe tary tyl the wynd would blowe more favourably. But he commiaunded hym to make all the spede that he coulde upon hys lyfe, sayinge that he never heard that ever any kynge was drowned. And so he passed the sea and landed in Normandye." Compare this with Cæsar's speech on a similar occasion. The same work contains a story of a miracle, wrought in vindication of the title of an Archbishop of Canterbury. This personage is represented as having in the presence of William planted his pastoral staff in the ground, by way of a "testimony"

against the monarch; the crosier, according to the annalist, remained immoveably fixed in the earth, with a radical obstinacy resembling that of the Roman standard on certain occasions, and with an equally good effect.

Was the following passage of Silius Italicus intended as a defence by anticipation against the charge, which has been usually brought against him, of distracting his reader's attention by a perpetual change of scene?

Flectite nunc vestros, Heliconia numina, gressus
Ortygiæ pelagus Siculique ad littoris oram.
Muneris hic vestri labor est; modo Daunia regna
Æneadum, modo Sicanios invisere portus,
Nunc Macetum lustrare domos et Achaïa rura,
Nunc vaga Sardoo vestigia tingere fluctu,
Aut Tyriæ quondam fundata mapalia genti,
Extremumve orbem et terrarum invisere metas.
Quare age, qua litui, qua ducunt bella, sequamur.
Lib. XIV.

init.

Polyb. Frag. Lib. xii. 23. Αλλά μοι δοκεῖ πεισθῆναι Τίμαιος, ὡς, ἂν Τιμολέων, πεφιλοδοξηκως ἐν αὐτῇ (sola sc.) Σικελία, καθάπερ ἐν ὀξυβάφω, σύγκριτος φανῇ τοῖς ἐπιφανεστάτοις τῶν ἡρώων, καν αὐτὸς, ὑπὲρ Ιταλίας μόνον καὶ Σικελίας πραγματευόμενος, εἰκότως παραβολῆς ἀξιωθῆναι τοῖς ὑπὲρ τῆς οἰκουμένης καὶ τῶν καθόλου πραξέων πεποιημένοις τὰς συντάξεις. We have here the origin of the mo dern proverbial phrase, "a storm in a vinegar-bottle." (The above passage, with the whole of the x11th book, from p. 415 to 440, is headed: "Res Locrensium,” though it has nothing to do with that subject.)

In the catalogue of a classical bookseller lately published, an Aldine Livy is noticed as follows: "Livii Historiarum Decades 1. III. et IV.-In beautiful preservation-wants the second decade.

IMITATIONS, &c.

Nam fratres inter abenos

Præcipui sunto, &c.

Hence Pope:

Pers, Sat. 11. 56.

Where o'er the gate, by his famed father's hand,
Great Cibber's brazen, brainless brothers stand.

Dunciad, 1.

Quid te, turpissime, bellis

Inseris, aut sævi pertentas Pallada campi?

Tu potes alterius studiis hærere Minervæ ;

Tu telas, non tela, sequi. Claud. in Eutrop. 1. 271. Hence Dryden in his translation of Æn. v11. 805. non illa colo calathisve Minervæ

Fœmineas assueta manus, sed prælia virgo
Dura pati, &c.

She chose the nobler Pallas of the Field.

super arbore sidunt,

Discolor unde auri per ramos aura refulsit.
Æn. vi. 203.

Thus a late poet with characteristic splendor:

high above was spread

The emerald heaven of trees of unknown kind, Whose moonlike blooms and bright fruit overhead A shadow, which was light, upon the waters shed.

Revolt of Islam, XII.

A writer in the Adversaria Literaria, (XLVI. 394.) quotes the following lines from Hesiod, with a passage to the same purport from Livy :

Οὗτος μὲν πανάριστος ὃς αὐτὸς πάντα νοήσῃ,

φρασσάμενος τά κ' ἔπειτα καὶ ἐς τέλος ἦσιν ἀμείνω.
ἐσθλὸς δ ̓ αὖ κἀκεινὸς, ὃς εὖ εἰπόντι πίθηται.

"Sono di tre ge

ὃς δέ κε μήτ' αὐτὸς νοέῃ, μήτ' ἄλλου ἀκούων ἐν θυμῷ βάλληται, ὅδ ̓ αὖτ ̓ ἀχρήϊος ἀνήρ. Machiavelli's observation is very similar. nerazione cervelli: l'uno intende per se; l'altro intende quanto da altri gli e mostro; il terzo non intende ne per se stesso ne per demostrazione d'altri." We quote the above (being ourselves unversed in the writings of the Florentine politician) from a modern work, remarkable for the beauty and value of its quotations; from which we shall also extract another passage, cited by the author (S. T. Coleridge, in The Friend,) from an old English writer. "He (Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk) liked well the Philosopher's division of men into three ranks: some, who knew good and, were willing to teach others; these he said were like gods among men: others, who, though they knew not much, were willing to learn; these he said were like men among beasts: and some, who knew not good and yet despised such as should teach them; these he esteemed as beasts among

men."

It has been asserted that Horace never elides at the end of

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