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cowries, or small money, on the body of the victim, in approbation of the deed. He was left to view a considerable time, and was then carried by the Hurries to the Golgotha, where I have just been viewing his remains. How much I wished that the Proprietors of India Stock could have attended the wheels of Juggernaut, and seen this peculiar source of their revenue."

Juggernaut, 20th June, 1806.

Moloch, horrid king, besmeared with blood "Of human sacrifice, and parents' tears." -The horrid solemnities still continue. day a woman devoted herself to the idol.

MILTON.

Yester

She laid her,

self down on the road in an oblique direction, so that the wheel did not kill her instantaneously, as is generally the case; but she died in a few hours. This morning as I passed the Place of Skulls, nothing remained of her but her bones.

And this, thought I, is the worship of the Brahmins of Hindoostan, and their worship in its sublimest degree! What then shall we think of their private manners, and their moral principles! For it is equally true of India as of Europe;-If you would know the state of the people, look at the state of the Temple.'

I was surprised to see the Brahmins with their heads uncovered in the open plain falling down in the midst of the Sooders before the horrid shape,' and mingling so complacently with that polluted cast.' But this proved what I had before heard, that so great a God is this, that the dignity of high cast disappears before him. This great king recognizes no distinction. of rank among his subjects, all men are equal in his presence.'

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Juggernaut, 21st June, 1806.

< The idolatrous processions continue for some days longer, but my spirits are so exhausted by the constant view of these enormities, that I mean to hasten away from this place sooner than I at first intended.—I beheld another distressing scene this morning at the Place of Skulls ;-a poor woman lying dead, or nearly dead, and her two children by her, looking at the dogs and vultures which were near. The people passed by without noticing the children, I asked them where was their home. They said, they had no home but where their mother was.'-O, there is no pity at Juggernaut ! no mercy, no tenderness of heart in Moloch's kingdom! Those who support his kingdom, err, I trust, from igThey know not what they do.'

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As to the number of worshippers assembled here at this time, no accurate calculation can be made. The natives themselves, when speaking of the numbers at particular festivals, usually say that a lack of people (100,000) would not be missed. I asked a Brahmin how many he supposed were present at the most nu, merous festival he had ever witnessed. • How can I tell,' said he, how many grains there are in a handful of sand ?'

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The languages spoken here are various, as there are Hindoos from every country in India: but the two chief languages in use by those who are resident, are the Orissa and the Telinga. The border of the Telinga

Country is only a few miles distant from the Tower of Juggernaut.'*

Chilka Lake, 24th June, 1806.

I felt my mind relieved and happy when I had passed beyond the confines of Juggernaut. I certainly was not prepared for the scene. But no one can know what it is who has not seen it.-From an eminence on the pleasant banks of the Chilka Lake (where no human bones are seen), I had a view of the lofty tower of Juggernaut far remote; and while I viewed it, its abominations came to mind. It was on the morning of the Sabbath. Ruminating long on the wide and extended empire of Moloch in the heathen world, I cherished in my thoughts the design of some • Christian Institution,' which, being fostered by Britain, my Christian country, might gradually undermine this baleful idolatry, and put out the memory of it for ever."

* It will give pleasure to the reader to hear that a translation of the Holy Scriptures is preparing in Orissa and Telinga, the languages of Juggernaut.

+ Manickpatam.

1

Annual Expenses of the Idol JUGGERNAUT, pre

sented to the English Government.

[Extracted from the Official Accounts.]

1. Expenses attending the table of the idol
2. Ditto of his dress or wearing apparel
3. Ditto of the wages of his servants
4. Ditto of contingent expenses at the dif-
ferent seasons of pilgrimage

5. Ditto of his elephants and horses

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: 10,989

1,373

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6. Ditto of his rutt or annual state carriage

Rupees 69,616 £8,702

In item third, wages of his servants,' are included the wages of the courtesans, who are kept for the service of the temple.

Item sixth.-What is here called in the official account the state carriage,' is the same as the car or tower. Mr. Hunter informed me that the three state carriages' were decorated this year (in June 1806) with upwards of £200 sterling worth of English broad cloth.

Of the rites celebrated in the interior of Juggernaut called the Daily Service, I can say nothing of my own knowledge, not having been within the Temple.'*

* At the Temple of Juggernaut, the English Government levy a tax on pilgrims as a source of revenue. The first law enacted by the Bengal Government for this purpose was entitled "A Regulation for levying a Tax from pilgrims resort"ing to the Temple of Juggernaut, and, for the superinten

JUGGERNAUT IN BENGAL.

Lest it should be supposed that the rites of Juggernaut are confined to the Temple in

"dance and management of the Temple-Passed April 3d, "1806."-Another Regulation was passed in Bengal in April 1809, rescinding so much of the former as related to the "interior management and controul of the Temple ;" but sanctioning the levying a Tax from pilgrims for admission to the Temple; allotting a sum towards the expenses of the Idol; and appointing an Officer of Government to collect the Tax. Of this second Regulation the author received no intimation until the third edition of this work was put to the press. In the former editions it was stated that the Temple of Juggernaut was under the immediate management and controul of the English Government, which he is now happy to find was not the fact at the time. Whether the account of the new regulation reached England before the 1st July, 1810, when he had occasion first to notice the subject, he does not know. But he has it now in his power to communicate to the public the following authentic information, which, in justice to the Hon. Court of Directors, and to the part they have taken in this matter, ought to be known.

When the Bengal Government first announced their Regulation of 3d April 1806, to the Court of Directors, (which they did by letters dated 16th May 1806), they communicat ed their intention of making the following alterations therein; namely, to permit "certain Officers of the Temple to collect "their fees directly from the pilgrims, agreeably to former

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usage, instead of receiving the amount of those fees from "the public treasury; to allow the Pundits who are to su"perintend the affairs of the Temple, to be elected by par"ticular classes of persons attached to it, instead of being appointed by the Government; and to vest in the Pundits so "elected the entire controul over the Temple and its minis

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