N. of Sydney. The colliery is known as the Greta Coal and Slate Company, and is connected with the railway by a line. Population, with district, 2000. Local paper, Greta and Branxton Gazette. Greta, Vict., is the postal centre of an agricultural and pastoral district on the Fifteen Mile Creek, 143 miles N.E. of Melbourne and 7 miles from Glenrowan, the nearest railway station. Population 20. Grey, N.Z. A county on the west coast of the South Island; intersected by the railways from Grey towards Nelson, and from Wallsend to Marsden; contains the port of Greymouth. Population 4330. with orders to walk round it. At King Island met the French expedition under Baudin, whom he warned against forming a French settlement in Australia or Tasmania. Executed his instructions in company with Lieut. Charles Robbins, of H.M.S. Buffalo, James Meehan and James Fleming; and in his whale-boat rowed up the Yarra as far as the falls near Studley Park. Returned to Sydney, and officiated as Judge-Advocate at the trial of Macarthur in 1808. Groote Eylandt (Northern Territory), S.A., on the western coast of the Gulf of Carpentaria, is the largest island in the gulf; about 40 miles by the same breadth; centre mountainous; shores dry and barren. Grey, S.A. A county with an area of 2044 square miles, in the extreme S.E., near the Victorian frontier; intersected by the railways from Penola to Mount Gambier, and Mount Gambier to Beach-after departure of Governor Phillips in venomous, lives on frogs, grass-hoppers, gong river and the Wyaldra (or Reedy) port; towns, Beachport, Mount Gambier, Penola and Port McDonnell. Grey, W.A. A county in the interior at the N. of the settled districts. Greymouth, N.Z. A port on the west coast of the South Island, 20 miles N. of Hokitika and 190 miles from Nelson, on the south bank of the Grey river, in the centre of a great coal-mining district and near important goldfields. The port has been much improved, and there is now 10 feet at low and 18 feet at high water; and the north and south breakwater protects ships thoroughly from the westerly gale. Cranes have been erected, wharves built, and there are good facilities for shipping coal. Population 3812, with county 10,373. Newspapers, Argus and Star. Greytown (North), N.Z. A township in an agricultural and pastoral district, and railway station on a branch of the Wellington and Masterton line, on Waiohine River, 7 miles from Featherston and 53 miles N.N.E. of the capital. Population, with district, 1141. Newspaper, Wairarapa Standard. Griffith's Point (or San Remo), Vict., on the eastern entrance to Western Port Bay, and is a favourite watering-place, 65 miles S.E. of Melbourne. Nearest railway station, Hastings; steamer thence. Grim, Cape, Tas. The north-west cape, near the W. entrance to Bass's Straits. Grimes, Charles, second SurveyorGeneral of New South Wales. Sent to Port Phillip in 1802 by Governor King, Grose, Major, second Lieutenant-Governor of New South Wales, took charge 1792, being the senior officer of the 102nd Regiment (or New South Wales Corps); kept the whole government of the settlement in the hands of military men; returned to England in 1794, handing charge to Capt. Patterson, the next in seniority. Grose River, N.S.W. Rises near Pulpit Rock, to the East of the Blue Mountains, and falls into the Nepean; was discovered by Capt. Patterson in 1793. Grove Hill (Northern Territory), S.A. A township in an agricultural district, 2 miles from Port Darwin Camp, and 78 miles from Southport. Grunthal, S.A. A township in a market gardening and fruit-growing district, on Onkaparinga River, 16 miles E. of Adelaide, and station on the railway to Nairne; distance by rail to Adelaide, 27 miles. Grylls, Rev. James, a Church of England clergyman, was sent from Sydney to Melbourne in Oct. 1838, to act as Bishop's Surrogate. Guana or Iguana, is a scaly, fourfooted reptile of a dull green colour, traversed with black angular stripes, and sometimes attains a length of 15 inches by 5 inches round the body. Like the snakes, it is ovoviviparous, and some writers believe that it gives ingress and egress to its offspring, by allowing it to jump down its throat. The guana is very courageous; on being attacked it opens its wide mouth, and will savagely seize the barrel of a gun. The guana is not and other insects, and is generally found amidst logs, rocks and dead timber. Guard, John, the master of the barque Harriet, was wrecked at Taranaki, N.Z., in April 1834; got safely ashore with his wife, two children, and twenty-two officers and seamen. Was kindly treated, at first, by the Maoris, but on the sixth day a quarrel arose, and twelve sailors and twenty-five Maoris were killed, the surviving Europeans being taken prisoners. Guard and some others were allowed to depart, on a promise to return with a ransom for the others. He got safely to Sydney, and the Alligator, with Capt. Lambert and a company of the 50th Regiment, were sent to Taranaki. The expedition and the natives did not seem to understand one another, and the commanding officer refused to pay the ransom demanded. The result was that the creek, 198 miles W. from Sydney, and 18 miles from Mudgee, which is the nearest railway station. Population, with district, 1600. Newspaper, Gulgong Advertiser. Gumeracha, S.A. A township and summer resort on the Torrens, 23 miles N.E. of Adelaide. There is coast communication daily with Adelaide. Seven miles N.E. from here (at Mount Crawford) gold in considerable quantities was found. Population 321. Gun Island, W.A. The largest of the Pelsart group, at the mouth of Swan River; is remarkable from the discovery by Stokes in 1841 of a small brass fourpounder in excellent preservation. Gunbower, Vict. One of the new counties; area, 1348 square miles; part of the Loddon district; bounded on the N. by New South Wales, on the W. by captives were not rescued until a large Tatchera, on the S. by Bendigo, and on number of Maoris had been killed, several the E. by Rodney; watered by the canoes burnt, and two native villages destroyed. Guichen Bay, S.A. A fine bay between the Baudin Rocks on the N. and Cape Lannes on the S.; open to the N. winds, but protected from the S. and S.W. The town and port of Robe is at the southern portion of the bay. The E. and N. shores are composed of low sandhills; the S. are rocky; the anchorage is good; a jetty 1020 feet long has been built, and a lifeboat, with crew, is stationed at the port Guildford, Vict. A township in a mining and agricultural district, and station on the Melbourne and Maryborough line, on the S. bank of Loddon River and Campbell's Creek, 84 miles N.W. by N. of Melbourne. Population, with district, 700. Guildford, W.A. A township on Swan River, 9 miles N.E. of Perth; the first section of the Eastern railway to Guildford is now opened. Several vineyards are in the neighbourhood. Population, 726. Gulf of Carpentaria, Qd. and Northern Territory. A large sea on the N. of Australia, about 300 miles from E. to W. and 400 miles from N. to S., into which flow many of the rivers of Queensland and the Northern Territory, and containing several islands. Gulgong, N.S.W. A gold-mining and agricultural township, between the Cudge Murray, its ana branches, Moonlight and Bullock creek; intersected by the railway from Mitiamo to Kerang; contains Durham Ox, Terrick Terrick and Mount Hope. Population 8706. Gundagai, N.S.W. A mining and an agricultural township and railway station on the Murrumbidgee river, 251 miles S.W. of Sydney. The Floraston Gold Mining Company and the Victorian Quartz Reefing Company are obtaining good returns. Slate quarries have recently been opened here, and splendid white marble exists within a few miles of the town. A line of railway from Gundagai to Cootamundra, a distance of 34 miles, joins the main Southern line. District courts and quarter sessions are held here. Population, with district, 1200. Local paper, Gundagai Times. Gundaroo, N.S.W. A township in an agricultural district on Yass River, 20 miles N.W. of Queanbeyan, and 171 miles S.W. of Sydney. Population 120. Gunderbooka, N.S.W. A new county N. of the Darling, and E. of the Warrego, and immediately opposite the town of Bourke. Gunnedah, N.S.W. A township in an agricultural district, on the Namoi river, near its junction with the Mooki, 271 miles N.W. of Sydney; is connected with Newcastle by the North-Western railway, which branches from the Great with district, 7500. Local papers, Namoi Independent and Gunnedah Advertiser. Northern at Werris Creek. Population, Darling or Barwon, after a course of 445 Gunning, N.S.W. A township in an agricultural and pastoral district, and station on the Southern line, on Meadow Creek, 1893 feet above sea-level, 24 miles N.E. of Yass, and 165 miles S.W. of Sydney. Population 420. Gunpowder. First manufactured in Australia at Sydney in 1829 by Robert Cooper. Guntawang, N.S.W. A township on Cudgegong River, 184 miles W. from Sydney. Nearest railway stations are Wellington and Mudgee. Population 150. Gwydir, N.S.W. A pastoral district in the Queensland border, W. of New England; has an area of 11,075 square miles; consists of well-grassed open plains. Gwydir, N.S.W. A river rising in the New England mountains, flowing through the counties of Burnett, Courallie and Benarba, and falling into the Upper miles. Gwyra, N.S.W. A mining, agricultural and pastoral township and railway station on the Northern line, 386 miles N. of Sydney. Population, with district, 650. Gympie, Qd. A gold-mining town, on the Mary river, 116 miles N. of Brisbane, and 54 miles S. of Maryborough, with which it is connected by railway, and the line to Brisbane will be completed during the present year. Gold was discovered in 1867, and the total yield to end of 1889 has been 1,546,189 oz. In 1889 it was 115,450 oz. from 108,317 tons of stone. Alluvial gold has been found in the neighbourhood, one nugget weighing 804 oz. The deepest shaft is Great Monkland (1500 feet), but there are several over 1000 feet. The town contains good public buildings-churches, hospital and banks; has gas and a water supply; sittings of the district court are held. Population, with district, 11,140. Newspapers, Gympic Times and Gympie Miner. H Hacking Point, N.S.W. A harbour (Gully and Saw Mill Gully are goldfields about 18 miles S. of Port Jackson, named after its discoverer, a pilot. Haddon, Vict. A mining township and station on the Ballarat and Scarsdale line on Smythe's Creek, 110 miles W. of Melbourne and 10 miles from Ballarat. Population 440. Hadspen, Tas. A village on South Esk River 136 miles from Hobart and 32 miles S. from Launceston. Nearest railway station, Bishopsbourne, 8 miles distant. Population 90. Hagley, Tas. A township in an agricultural district and railway station on Launceston and Western line, 155 miles N.W. of Hobart, 4 miles from Westbury and 31 miles S.W. of Launceston. Population 200. 14 miles from this township. This district was settled in 1838 by Germans, religious refugees from Prussia. Population 480. Halcombe, N.Z. A township in an agricultural and pastoral district 108 miles N.E. of Wellington, and 43 miles S.E. of Wanganui, with which it is connected by rail. Population 585. Halifax Bay, Qd., extends the whole distance from Cape Cleveland to Point Hillock, contains the Palm Islands, and lies to the N.W. of Townsville. Hallett, S.A. A township in a wheatgrowing district, and railway station on the North line, 1970 feet above sea-level, 119 miles N. of Adelaide. Population, with district, 433. Hall's Tract, Tas. Post town 28 miles from Launceston on Scottsdale railway (Lebrina station). Hahndorf, S.A. A township on Hahndorf Creek 17 miles E. of Adelaide. Nearest railway station Ambleside, 3 miles distant. The Hahndorf Academy has taken a high place among educational establishments of the colony. Sailors' the Karridale timber mills by tramway. Hamelin, W.A. The harbour of the Karridale district, and connected with Hamilton, Capt., commanded the ship Sydney Cove wrecked near Cape Howe in 1797. Clarke, the supercargo, and a party walked overland to Sydney; Hamilton and the rest of the crew remained on the Furneaux Island, where they had been wrecked, and were rescued some months afterwards by the Francis, a schooner sent from Sydney. Hamilton, N.S.W. A suburb of Newcastle, and station on the Great Northern railway, 78 miles N. of Sydney, is lighted by gas, contains the Castlemaine Brewery and Patent Fuel Works. Population 2000. Local newspaper, Hamilton Radical. Hamilton, N.Z. A town in an agricultural district on Waikato River, 86 miles S. of Auckland, with which it is connected by railway. The line to the Thames starts from this point and crosses the river by an iron bridge 396 feet long. Population 1212. Newspaper, Waikato Times. Hamilton, S.A. A township in a wheat growing district on the river Light, 59 miles N. of Adelaide. Nearest railway station, Kapunda. Population, with district, 950. Hamilton, Vict. A town in a pastoral (principally sheep grazing) and agricultural district, and railway station on the line from Ararat to Portland, on the Grange Burn Creek, 197 miles W. of Melbourne. The town is lighted by gas, and the water supply works have been completed at a cost of £13,616. The reservoir can store 20,000,000 gallons. County courts, general sessions, and courts of assize are held here. Population 3373. Newspapers, Hamilton Spectator and Western Agriculturist. Hamilton-on-Clyde, Tas. A township in a pastoral district, 46 miles N.W. of Hobart, and 159 miles S. from Launceston. A court of general and quarterly sessions is held here. Coaches run daily to Macquarie Plains station, connecting with trains for Hobart. Population, with district, 3040. Hamilton-on-Forth, Tas. A township in a rich agricultural district, on both sides of the river Forth, and 2 miles from the sea-coast; 7 miles W. of Torquay; 90 (by rail) N.W. from Launceston, and 218 miles from Hobart. Coaches run to Leith railway station, 2 miles distant. Hamiltons, N.Z. A small township in a mining and farming district, 93 miles N.W. from Dunedin. Communication by rail and coach with Dunedin. Population 150. Hamley, S.A. A county with an area of 2194 square miles, fronting New South Wales and the N. bank of the Murray; contains the irrigation colony of Renmark. Hamley Bridge, S.A. A township in an agricultural district and railway station on the North line, on the river Light, 44 miles N. of Adelaide. Population 220. Hammond, S.A. A township and railway station, on the line from Petersburg to Quorn, lying 1035 feet above sea-level, 45 miles E. of Port Augusta, and 214 miles N. of Adelaide. Hampden, N.Z. A township and railway station on the Dunedin and Oamaru line, on the sea-coast, 57 miles N.E. of Dunedin. Population 300. Hampden, Vict. One of the old counties; area, 1561 square miles; bounded on the N. by Ripon, on the W. by Villiers, on the S. by Heytesbury, and on the E. by Grenville; watered by the Mount Emu creek, Fiery creek, the Hopkins, and their tributaries; and intersected by the railway from Pomborneit towards Warrnambool; contains the towns of Camperdown, Mortlake, Skipton and Terang. Population 8169. Hannibal Bay, Qd. A bay on the Pacific coast about one degree S. of Cape York. Hannibal Islands, Qd., within a degree of Cape York, are three in number, low, and covered with scrub. Hanover (or Brunswick Bay), W.A., at the mouth of the Prince Regent river in the Kimberley Division, was the landing place of Sir George Grey in 1837 after his passage from the Cape in the Beagle; the ship was sent to Timor for ponies, and Grey explored the interior, but the expedition failed. Grey was speared, but returned to the coast and was finally rescued by Captain Wickham in the Beagle. Hanson, S.A. A new county with an area of 1259 square miles in the northern portion of the settled districts, E. of the Great Northern railway. Happy Valley, Vict. A township in a mining district, near the Springdallah Creek, 114 miles W. of Melbourne. Nearest railway station, Ballarat. Popu- by the Acclimatisation Society and the lation 575. Austin family, and into New Zealand and Tasmania by many private persons. They are now so numerous all over the latter colonies, and in the southern districts of Australia, that coursing is a sport at once popular and much followed. Hargraves (formerly Louisa Creek), N.S.W. A township in a gold-mining district near the locality of one of the earliest gold discoveries, 190 miles N.W. £584,827, and harbour improvements and the nearest railway station. Population dredging £1,043,705, and sundry other 220. sums making a whole of £2,449,443. The Yarra has been deepened; a dyke of basaltic rocks has been blasted away, and the river is tidal to Richmond. A Harbour Trust, Melbourne. Sir John Coode accepted offer to visit Melbourne, and report upon improvements of the Harbour; made certain recommendations 1879. Trust appointed 1877, income from that date to 1889, £1,536,143, of which £1,421,772 was derived from its share of wharfage rates; has in addition borrowed £2,000,000; has expended upon plant £455,473: wharves and approaches of Sydney and 25 miles from Mudgee, dry dock has been built at the Australian wharf on the Yarra, a wet dock is in contemplation, and ships drawing 16 feet can go to the wharves; a new channel has been cut, which shelters the distance below Melbourne and the mouth of the river for more than a mile. Hobson's Bay has been dredged and deepened, and the wharf accommodation at Port Melbourne and Williamstown improved. Harcourt, Vict. A township in a granite quarrying and grazing district, and railway station on the line from Melbourne to Echuca; 1096 feet above sea-level on Barker's Creek, 82 miles N.W. of Melbourne. Population 200. Harden, N.S.W. A mining, agricultural and pastoral township and railway station on the Great Southern line, and junction for the branch to the Western line at Blayney, 228 miles from Sydney and 2 miles from Murrumburrah. Population 300. Harden, N.S.W. A new county N. of the Upper Murrumbidgee; intersected by the Southern railway, and containing the towns of Cootamundra and Jugiong. Hardinge, Mount, N.Z. A peak in the Southern Alps, 10,021 feet high. Hardinge, N.S.W. A new county in New England, watered by the Gwydir river, and W. of the Northern railway. Hardwicke (or Nundawar Mountains), N.S.W. In the Liverpool Plains district; the highest peaks are Mounts Apsley and Shirley. Hardwicke Bay, S.A., is a deep bight on the S.W. coast of Yorke's Peninsula; discovered by Flinders. Harold, Mount, Qd. A peak near the Mulgrave river, 4150 feet high. Harrietville, Vict. A township in a mining district, with some farming. Rich reefs are being worked in the neighbour. hood, on the river Ovens, 216 miles N.E. of Melbourne; nearest railway station, Myrtleford (16 miles). Population 100. Harrington Inlet, N.S.W., the northern entrance of the Manning river. Harrisville, Qd. A township in an agricultural and pastoral district, and railway station on the Ipswich and Fassifern line, on Warrill Creek, 18 miles from Ipswich and 42 from Brisbane. Harrogate, S.A. A village in a farming and grazing district on the Bremer river, 32 miles E. of Adelaide. Population 117. Harrow, Vict. A township in a pastoral district on the river Glenelg, 250 miles W. by N. of Melbourne, and 61 miles from Hamilton; nearest railway station, Coleraine. Population 250. Newspaper, Kowree Ensign. Hartley, N.S.W. A township in an agricultural and coal-mining district on the river Lett, 83 miles N.W. of Sydney. Nearest railway stations are Mount Victoria and Hartley Vale; in the neighbourhood are three collieries, the New South Wales Shale and Oil Co., and the Northern Shale Co. Population, with district, 8800. Hartley, Little, N.S.W. A small township at the base of Mount Victoria, 2 miles from Hartley and 80 miles W. of Sydney. Hartley Vale, N.S.W. A township embosomed among the Blue Mountains 3318 feet above sea-level, and railway station on the Western line, 81 miles from Sydney. Rich deposits of coal and kerosene shale are in the neigh Hares were introduced into Victoria |