one of his bishops, the Prisoner not only excommunicated me with all the circumstances of infamy that he could invent, but also hurled me from the throne, dissolved the oath of allegiance which my subjects had taken, and by an express and imperious edict, prohibited the nobles and clergy of Poland from electing a new king without his consent.*

Leopold, Duke of Austria, sworn.

Q. Did not the Prisoner at the bar excommunicate and anathematize you, claiming that authority as Christ's Vicegerent on earth?

A. He did: he assumed the same power over me as over all princes, arrogating to himself this. authority as the Vicar of Christ.

Q. What name did he go by when you knew him?

A. By the name of Pope Celestine III. he went by that name almost at the close of the twelfth century.

Henry VI. Emperor, sworn.

Q. Was you not excommunicated and condemned by the Prisoner, at the same time with Leopold Duke of Austria?

A. I was. The Prisoner at the bar had sent Richard I. King of England, to fight for him in the Holy Land. But on his returning home, Leopold and I seized and made him Prisoner. The consequence was, we were both excommunicated together.

* Sée Dlugossi Hist. Polon, tom i. p. 295.

Q. Did he do it in the name of the Vicar of Christ?

A. He did.

Alphonso X. King of Galicia and Leon, sworn. Q. Did not the Prisoner at the bar excommunicate and anathematize you, by the name of Pope Celestine III. ?

A. He did; it was on account of a marriage into which I had entered.

John, King of England, sworn.

Q. Of what religion are you?

A. I have long professed the Roman Catholic religion, though I have differed much from the Prisoner on account of his base conduct towards me.

Q. Will you relate to the Court what you know of the Prisoner's assumed authority over you, as the Vicar of Christ, &c. ?

A. When I knew the Prisoner, he went by the name of Pope Innocent III. At that time he ordered the Monks of Canterbury to choose one Stephen Langton, a Cardinal, to be Archbishop, after a regular election had been made by the Convent, and confirmed by me. I objected to his being received, and wrote to the Prisoner, informing him of the consequences, in case he persisted in his demand. He then sent orders to some of his Bishops to lay the kingdom under an interdict, unless I received Langton. Such was my ignorance of real religion, and the deluded state of Europe, that I was unwilling to break off entirely my connexion with him. I therefore

agreed to confirm the election made at Rome, but not making such concessions as the Prisoner demanded, the interdict was proclaimed, all the places of worship shut up for three years, and the dead buried in the highways, without the ordinary rights of interment.

This not producing the desired effect, be denounced a sentence of excommunication against me in the year 1208. This was followed about three years after, by another Bull, absolving all my subjects from their oath of allegiance, and ordering all persons to avoid me on pain of the same displeasure. But in the year 1212, he assembled a Council of his Cardinals and Prelates, deposed me, and declared the throne of England vacant. He then wrote to the King of France to undertake the conquest of Britain, and unite it to his for ever. At the same time he sent out another Bull, exhorting all Christian Princes to join in the expedition, promising all who did, the same Indulgence he had granted for fighting against the Infidels.

The French Monarch obeyed the Prisoner, and collected a large army for the invasion, while I did all I could to repel it. But when at Dover I met bis artful Legate, he so terrified me by the report he gave me of the strength of the French army, and the disaffection of my own, that I agreed to a shameful submission, and resigned my crown to the Legate. I then took an oath of obedience, and delivered up my kingdom to the Papal jurisdiction. I was also obliged to promise for myself

and heirs, to pay an annual sum of seven hundred marks for England, and three hundred for Ireland, and in case any of my successors should refuse to own the Pope's supremacy over England, or should object to pay the submission then required, they should forfeit their right to the British Crown. In doing homage to the Pope, before his representative, the Legate, I presented a large sum of money, which he trampled, with all the arrogance possible, under his feet, as a mark of my dependence; but not satisfied with this, he retained my crown and sceptre five days, and then gave them to me, as a special gift from the Prisoner, then called his Holiness the Pope of Rome. Cross-examined by Mr. Jesuit.

Q. Did you not publicly declare, when you signed the conditions on which you received the crown, that you had neither been compelled to this measure by fear or force, but that it was your own voluntary act, done by the advice of the Barons of the Kingdom?

A. I acknowledge I did sign such a declaration, but my long resistance proves it was never my voluntary act. The Barons also despised me for what I did. But such was the confused state of things in England, that I was glad to sign any thing.

Philip, Duke of Suabia, sworn.

Q. Was there not a dispute between you and Otho IV. respecting the right to the Empire of Germany? And did not the Prisoner at the bar interfere on this occasion, arrogating to himself

authority, as Vicar of Christ, and sovereign of the world?

A. There was such a dispute, and the Prisoner did presume to settle the same as Vicar of Christ on earth. He therefore thundered out his excommunications against me, and espoused the cause of Otho.

Q. What name did he go by then?
A. Pope Innocent III.

Otho IV. Emperor, sworn..

Q. Did the Prisoner at the bar justify your claim, and establish you as an Emperor of Germany, in opposition to Philip?

A. Yes. He sanctioned my claim, and supported it, till the death of Philip, which happened in the year 1209, after which he excommunicated and deposed me, and placed on the imperial throne Frederic II. my pupil, in the year 1212. The Prisoner then went by the name of Pope Innocent III.

Philip Augustus, King of France, sworn.

Q. Do you know the Prisoner at the bar, and by what name was he called when you knew him? A. I knew him well. He went by the name of Pope Innocent III.

Q. Was you not anathematized and excommunicated by him?.

A. I was, for a divorce from Ingerberg, a Princess of Denmark.

Frederic II. Emperor, sworn.

Did you not take a very active part in the