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him as their deliverer, he marched through the country without meeting an enemy; those who feared or were averse to join with him, fled from his approach. Once James had sent his army within two miles of the advancing foe; but their faith could not be relied on, and they were hastily withdrawn. The nobles of his court, whom he most favoured and most trusted, were the first to forsake him; and even his younger daughter, the princess Anne, the object of his utmost kindness and affection, fled from the palace; while her husband, prince George of Denmark, joined his enemies. James saw nothing around him, but traitors to his cause, and heard nothing but songs of triumph for his ruin. The historian says, "A foolish ballad was made at that time, treating the papists, chiefly the Irish, in a very ridiculous manner, which had a burden, said to be Irish words, lero, lero, lilibulero, that made an impression on the army, that cannot be well imagined by those who saw it not. The whole army, and at last all people both in city and country, were singing it perpetually, and perhaps never had so slight a thing so great an effect."

All was rapidly decided-the queen and the infant prince of Wales were secretly conveyed out of the kingdom, and the king attempted to follow them in disguise. Nothing could he more desirable to his enemies than such a flight; it being considered by them as the forsaking of his people and the relinquishment of his crown. Unfortunately some persons detected him, and by most ill-timed interference, placed him in the hands of the invaders. This was extremely embarrassing to William, who knew not what to do with so dangerous a captive. Some would have had him imprisoned: to this the prince said, "he could not deny but that this might be good and wise advice; but it was that to which he could not hearken: he was so far satisfied with the grounds of this expedition, that he could act against the king in a fair and open war; but for his person, now that he had him in his power, he could not put such a hardship on him,

as to make him a prisoner: and he knew the princess' temper so well, that he was sure she would never bear it." We are pleased to read this further testimony of Mary's feeling towards her unfortunate parent, at a time when every tie of natural affection seemed to have been severed by the fate that pursued him; and we can please ourselves with believing that Mary was in her closet, humbled rather than exulting in her situation, and mixing her parent's name in her petitions, at the moment when the following picture is sketched of the employ of some in England. "The king was carried down the river, in a very tempestuous day, not without some danger; and while the poor old king was thus exposed to the mercy of the elements, and an actual prisoner under a guard of Dutchmen, that very moment his daughter, Anne of Denmark, with her great favourite, Lady Churchill, both covered with orange ribbands, in her father's coaches and attended by his guards, went triumphant to the play-house."

Pity at such scenes began to move the hearts of many, and perhaps had James remained, the Revolution- had not been so easily effected: but the will of Heaven was fixed with his royalty James seemed to have lost at once his senses and his courage; and being left at liberty, soon disembarrassed his enemy by a second flight.

(To be continued.)

TIONS

CONVERSATIONS ON GEOLOGY.

CONVERSATION I.

INTRODUCTORY.

MRS. L.-I have been thinking, with some hesitation, what subject we had better make choice of for our evening conversations in succession to the Botany, which we have dismissed.

MATILDA. I should like Chemistry. Anne thinks she would prefer Mineralogy; desirous, as she says, to have some knowledge of the various substances of which the earth is formed, in the state in which we find them, before she proceeds to enquire of their more secret properties and their action on each other. I do not myself see much reason in this.

MRS. L.-I confess, Matilda, I see a great deal; and from something of the same motive, should propose deferring both these studies to that of Geology, as affording general ideas of the structure of the earth, the mode of its formation, and the arrangement of its larger parts, before we proceed to examine the separate substances that form the study of the mineralogist. What say you to Geology?

MATILDA. Before I say any thing I should like to know exactly what Geology is-I hear the word continually, but never have been able, in my own mind, to affix to it any determinate idea.

MRS. T.-Geology, Geogony, or Geognosy, as it has been variously called, may I think be defined to be the Knowledge, or the Theory of the Earth. "It teaches us to observe and classify the several substances which form the surface of our planet, the circumstances under which they occur, the order of their succession to each other, and their relative position; also the forms, heights, and directions of mountain chains, and the several phænomena of vallies, rivers, and seas. The great object of Geology is to infer the former states of the earth from its present one, and understand something of the changes it has undergone." Perhaps though you have walked over this solid earth for sixteen years, it has never yet come into your mind to consider of what it is composed, or by what process it came into its original form.

MATILDA.-It certainly has not-but that is the less extraordinary, since you may recollect that, till you drew our attention to them last year, we had trodden as carelessly over the flowers and herbage on its surface, with

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Fig. 5.

Pub bu Baker & Fletcher 18 Finshuru Place

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