the street, near the mosque to which he was going, where the concourse of people was greatest, and where we had the best view of him and of the splendid scene. His large dark eye rolled in an easy dignified manner over the gazing multitude, while from among them not a whisper was uttered, not a handkerchief waved, not a knee bent in adoration, not a breath heard, but every eye was riveted on his as if by enchantment. The moment, however, before he appeared, every one seemed anxious to place himself in his best attitude. The ladies adjusted their yashmacks; several fine looking young men, whose religion, I suppose, will not allow them to use brushes made of hogs' bristles, brushed their boots with their hands; and an old and very brazen-faced Israele pressed forward through the crowd, in order to be ready to present to the grand seignor the written petition, which she held in her hand. The occasion to-day being only an ordinary one, his attention, as he passed us, was wholly directed to ourselves; and he fixed his keen eyes upon us with such intenseness, that I had more than once to close my own, in order to escape from the penetrating gaze of his. His appearance on horseback is grand and imposing. His countenance is open, bold, and full of majesty. I have seen no individual in his dominions who had a face more in accordance with our ideas of one befitting a sultan than his own. On foot, the crookedness of his legs renders his walk ungraceful. It is said he never rides a horse more than one year. When he goes to say his prayers, all these horses, which, after he has ridden them a year, can be used by no other, are always conducted with him to the mosque; and being decorated with trappings of gold, diamonds, and brilliants, and being full of flesh and fire, they dance along with lofty mien, and contribute much to the splendor and magnificence of the scene. 18. Sabbath. It being a stormy day we did not go abroad; but with a few of our neighbors we united at home in the public worship of Him who "sendeth rain on the just and on the unjust." The service was partly in English, and partly in Italian, for the benefit of some respectable individuals present, who understood only the latter of the two languages. The sermon, which I wrote several years ago, in Italian, was from John iii. 3. May all the hearers know what it is to be "born again" that they may "see the kingdom of God," and "receive an inheritance among them that are sancti fied." [To be continued.] Greece. JOURNAL OF MR. KING. [Continued from p. 155.] THE Voyage of Mr. King from Athens to Samos, and thence to Scala Nuova, a village on the coast forty or fifty miles south of Smyrna, and his ride thence to Ephesus, were noticed in the last number. Ruins of Ephesus. Sept. 20, 1831. After taking refreshment we rode to see the ruins of the ancient city. || We had seen, on our way to the coffeehouse, and around the miserable dwellings near it, a vast number of marble columns scattered here and there, some standing, some broken, some half buried in the earth, enough to show us that there had been once in that vicinity a splendid city. But the grandest ruins we had not seen. Leaving the coffee-house, we proceeded a little distance on the plain, then crossed a high hill, at the foot of which, on the other side, we came to what we supposed to be the ancient theatre, into which we entered. Near this we saw ruins which we thought must be the remains of the Odeon; and at a little distance from them we found piles of stupendous marble columns, lying with their basements and their capitals in various directions. These are the most magnificent of all the ruins, I had almost said, that I ever saw. Leaving these as it began to grow dark, we passed many remains of ancient walls, interspersed with prostrate columns, some of which appeared to me to be of red granite. This, we thought, might have been the market place. Leav ing this to return to the coffee-house, we passed what we supposed was the stadium, through a part of which we rode, but it was too dark to make many observations. We saw, however, here, as almost every where else in the vicinity, marble columns, capitals, &c. From what I saw of the ruins, however, I can say that they far exceeded my expectations, and excited in me a desire to visit them again more at my leisure. Great indeed must have been Ephesus, when its inhabitants cried "Great is Diana of the Ephesians." Now there is scarcely a voice to break the silence that reigns over the mighty ruins of that once great and populous city, and of Diana and her costly temple, it is supposed by many that not a vestige now remains above the surface of the earth. The lights, too, that afterwards shone so brightly in the golden candlesticks, have long since been extinguished. More recent communications from Mr. Goodell state that his schools, of which some account was given in the last number, were still flourish-posed that we should set out immediately ing; and that the prospects of doing extensive good in that manner were becoming more favorable. On returning to the coffee-house I pro on our journey and proceed two or three hours' distance. But the Turks that were with us, thought best that we should remain at Ephesus till about midnight, and then go in company with a caravan of camels, which were resting near by. In this opinion we acquiesced. While coffee was getting ready I went to visit some Greeks in a house near by and entered into conversation with them. To one, the master of the house, I gave a copy of the New Testament in ancient and modern Greek. He said that some English or Americans had before given him the New Testament, but that the priests from a village an hour and a half distant had borrowed it of him to read. We questioned them about the churches in the vicinity,|| of which they said there were many, and in their village, an hour or hour and a half distant, two. To each of these Mr. Hill sent a copy of the New Testament, as a present from himself and me, for the use of|| the priests of those churches. After some conversation I read to them a part of the 20th chapter of the Acts of the Apostles, and made some remarks, to which they listened with apparent interest and attention. We then returned to the coffee-house, in front of which we lay down to rest with the moon shining brightly upon us. At about midnight the caravan of camels began to move on towards Smyrna, and the loud jingling of their bells gave us notice that it was time to arise and pursue our journey. Arrival at Smyrna. The road which we pursued till break of day, appeared to be, for the most part, quite level, with high mountains on the left and on each side of our path were high shrubs, which sometimes annoyed us. Immense numbers of camels were going and coming, and sometimes wholly obstructed our course, so that we were obliged to wait till they had slowly moved by. At day-break and as the sun arose, we found ourselves travelling in a beautiful, extensive, and fertile plain. The jingle of the bells of the camels, caravans seen at a distance moving in different directions, hunters going out to the chase of wild hogs, many crying in different parts of extensive fields of Calamboki to keep off the birds, rendered the scene presented to us very lively and interesting. About half past nine we arrived at a coffee-house by the side of a stream which we had seemed to follow almost all the way from Ephesus, and which forms, I suppose, & part of the Cayster. This we had crossed by a stone bridge soon after leaving Ephesus, and in crossing I saw by the light of the moon fragments of marble columns in the walls which guarded the bridge on the right and left. About mid-day we were summoned by our Turks to pursue our journey again, which I was the more ready to do as I had hope of reaching Smyrna by about sunset. We had every where been informed that Ephesus was twelve hours from Smyrna; and as we had now been on horseback about eight hours, I thought that, probably, in six hours more we should be at the end of our journey. We did not, however, enter Smyrna till about 10 o'clock in the evening. On entering, we were stopped by the Turkish custom-house officer, who came out with a drawn sword, which he flourished about among us, and the gleam of which was easily discovered by the light of the moon. After examining us a little others came out and we tried to persuade them to let us go on, but they refused. At length, however, they concluded to send a man to conduct us to what they called the principal custom-house, and there, they said, we might perhaps be permitted to go on. We entered on the south part of the city, having the sea on our left and the castle at a distance on our right. Our new guide from the custom-house led us first down in the midst of the Turkish burial grounds, where lofty cypresses rise on either side of the way, over numerous and splendid mansions of the dead, and the scene as viewed by moonlight was truly pensive. Passing by the cemeteries, and after being led down steep places for a long time (perhaps it seemed longer than it really was) we came to the custom-house, and there we were told we must leave all our baggage till the next morning to be examined. This was a new and unexpected trouble and we tried to persuade the Turks to let our baggage go on, and to send a man with us to examine the but they were inflexible. Seeing that there things at the house where we were going; was no hope for us, we left our baggage and our horses for the night. March 25. Sabbath. At nine A. M. 1 went to Mr. Brewer's Greek female school, where I addressed seventy or eighty persons from the third chapter of St. John's Gospel. Several men and women, and one or two priests were present. The greater part present seemed very attentive, and towards the close quite solemn. In the afternoon I preached in English at the Dutch chapel, from the words "I have fought a good fight." 29. About noon I walked out with Mr. Hill to the Turkish market. On returning we went into a mosque, and at the time of prayer. The scene presented to us there was solemn. There was no talking and laughing, as we often see here in the Christian houses of worship, and no image before which the Mussulman bowed. He seemed, at least, to be worshipping in spirit. On one side of what may be called the pulpit, was written on the walls of the house, "There is no god but God," and on the other side, "And Mohammed is the apostle of God." In different parts of the mosque were written many passages from the koran. On entering we pulled off our hats and our shoes, and the Turks, though some of them looked at us rather narrowly, said nothing to us. Nov. 7. This was the feast of St. Deme- || tians to a better observance of the Lord's trius, and I went to the church to hear a day, to abstain from fish and oil on Wednessermon. The preacher undertook to give a days and Fridays. It pronounces many history of that saint's life and the wonders woes against "the fornicator, and adulterer which he wrought. He also spoke of the and adulteress, the drunkard, the covetous, sacred fires of Jerusalem; and among other the railer, the backbiter, the hater of his things said that the lighting of candles and brethren, the uncharitable, &c.-and blessthe burning of oil in churches before the ings upon those who read the letter and pictures melts away sin; that is, dissolves- copy it and send it to others, and who keep in other words, takes it away. He then the Lord's day. made some very good remarks on keeping the Lord's day holy, and abstaining from card-playing; and told the people that their little children were so accustomed to cards from their childhood, that they held them as holy relics; and that card-playing and breaking the Lord's day and other like things were the reason why God did not hear their prayers and the saints did not intercede for them. After this sermon, I went with my wife, and Mr. and Mrs. Mengous, to make several calls, and to present the constitution which I had drawn up for a society of Greek females, in order to get subscribers. There are now on the list thirty-one subscribers, and the amount of their subscription for the year, is between six and seven hundred piastres. Mr. and Mrs. Mengous commenced getting subscribers the day before. Almost all to whom they have presented the constitution seem happy to subscribe, and much pleased with the idea of having a society. One or two persons only showed any opposition. In the evening, after having expounded, according to my custom, a chapter in the New Testament, and prayed with the family, one person seemed a little moved, and expressed some fears with regard to the salvation of her soul. Dec. 5. Received a letter from the teacher of my female school at Tenos, stating, that when the time had expired for which I had engaged her, she was about to shut up the school, but that the trustees of the church of the evangelistina, requested her to continue it at their own expense. This I am glad to hear. 27. To-day a few Greek females met at our house, and formed themselves into a society, called The Greek Female Society of Smyrna. It has for its object the relief of poor females, and to such of them as can read, to give the sacred Scriptures. Sandwich Islands. PLAN OF A HIGH SCHOOL FOR TEACHERS. THE incompetency of the 500 or 600 native teachers now employed in the schools at the Sandwich Islands, and the importance of training a supply of such as possess higher qualifications, have long been felt by the missionaries; but various difficulties have stood in the way of making any systematic and thorough improvement in this respect. There was no series of books in the language, in any department of science or literature, adapted to conduct the opening minds of a people, before utterly uninstructed, up from the lower to the higher gradations of knowledge. The first object with the missionaries, in this department of their labors, was to prepare elementary books, and to multi 13. Sabbath. A Greek told me that several copies of a tract, in manuscript, had lately been sent from Jerusalem, signed by the patriarch of that place, to be distributed; and that something to this effect had been inscribed on the marble, that covers the tomb of our Savior. Whether this is true or not, I cannot say; but the Greek promis-ply copies, so that the ability to read intelligibly ed to procure for me a copy of the tract. 16. Called to see a Greek family. The mother, an old woman, had been reading some tracts from our press at Malta, and seemed delighted with them. In speaking of us, who distribute them, she said, "These men are from the tree of paradise, and have come down to do us good." In saying this the tears flowed down her cheeks. She said she had been told of my expositions of the Scriptures at Cooklejah, and wished to hear me. 29. A Greek brought me the tract, mentioned in my journal of the 13th. It professes to be an epistle sent by Christ to the world, and the last he will ever send; that it was found by the patriarch of Jerusalem on "the holy tables of stone," and explained by him and bears his signature. The object of it is avowedly to bring Chris might become as extensive as possible. Their next object was to translate the Scriptures, and thus put it within the power of the whole population, who would take the trouble to learn, to read the word of God in their own language. But when these objects were accomplished, much still remained to be done. The work of educating the whole nation was to be performed. The minds of the people must be nourished, strengthened, and taught to act. The fields of knowledge must be opened and the people encouraged to range through them. To this task the teachers which had been employed were altoedge was soon exhausted, and as they could gether incompetent. Their own stock of knowlteach the pupils little more than to spell and read, and had no power to awaken deep and continued interest, it was seriously feared that, without some new measures on their part, the attention to the schools would be diminished and the progress of the people in knowledge would be checked. At the general meeting of the missionaries at Honolulu in June, 1831, the following resolutions were adopted. Resolved, That we consider the education of the natives of these islands generally, and the preparation of some of them in particular for becoming teachers of religion, as holding a place of great importance in our missionary labors. Resolved, That, though we consider the present situation of this people as requiring all our efforts in the way heretofore directed; yet we believe this subject of sufficient importance to demand the exclusive time, attention, and labors of one of our number. Resolved, That, relying on the strength of the Great Head of the Church, we agree to establish a High School, for the purposes above mentioned, and on a plan hereafter to be submitted. Resolved, That the school go into operation as soon as suitable accommodations for the principal and scholars shall be ready; and that we show a plan of the school to the chiefs, and invite them to co-operate with us. The design of the school is thus stated. It is the design of the High School to instruct young men of piety and promising talents; in order that they may become assistant teachers of religion, or fellowlaborers with us in disseminating the gospel of Jesus Christ to their dying fellow-men. In connection with the foregoing, it is also the design of this institution to disseminate sound knowledge throughout these islands, embracing literature and the sciences, and whatever may tend eventually to elevate the whole mass of the people from their present ignorance; that they may become a thinking, enlightened and virtuous people. Another design of the High School is to qualify native school teachers for their respective duties; to teach them, theoretically and practically, the best methods of communicating instruction to others. pointed the principal. Lahaina was fixed upon as the location of the school. After specifying the duties and powers of the principal, the statement proceeds Scholars and their Qualifications.-The number of scholars for the present year shall be limited to fifty, to be apportioned as follows:-Hawaii. 18; Maui, 14; Oahu, 10; Kauai, 8; and liberty granted to the king to attend with five of his favorite men. The number may be increased hereafter, provided facilities and ability shall increase for instructing them. After the present year, that is from June, 1832, the candidates for the privileges of the school shall be examined and approved by two or more of the directors, and none shall be admitted but with their approbation. Every scholar, after the above-mentioned time, before entering the school, must be able to read fluently and intelligibly in his own language; must be able to write a neat, plain, legible hand; and be acquainted with common arithmetic and the fundamental principles of geography. It shall be the duty of the scholars to attend regularly and faithfully upon all the duties assigned them by the principal. Course of Study.-As school books are so extremely limited, it is nearly impossible at this time to lay out a course of study. It is desirable, however, that the scholars should be put forward as fast as they become proficients in any one branch, to another of the next importance; and that next to arithmetic and geography, should be composition in their own language, and such other studies as the board may direct. The study of the doctrines and duties contained in the word of God should be a prominent study, never to be lost sight of. The year shall be divided into two sessions, of five months each. The first to begin with July of each year, and end with November; the second to begin with January and end with May. At the close of each session there shall be a public examination of the scholars, in presence of the directors, and such others as they may invite to attend. circumstances. It is to be hoped that they may be induced to attend until they shall become competent to instruct, and skilful in communicating instruction in such ways as may be beneficial to the people at large. The length of time necessary for the stuThe school is placed under the superintend-dents to attend the school will depend on ence of five directors, "whose duty it shall be to watch over the interests of the school; to point out the cour course of instruction to be pursued; and to make an annual report to the mission, of the state and progress of the school;" who are also to examine the school, the plan of instruction, the progress and the qualifications of such as seek admittance to it, and annually report on these several points to the mission. Messrs. Richards, Bingham, Thurston, and Whitney were appointed directors, with Mr. Andrews, who was also apVOL. XXVIII. It is designed that a piece of land shall be connected with the institution, and the manual labor system introduced as far as practicable; that the scholars may not only support themselves, but be enabled to furnish their own stationary, and such other articles as will be necessary in pursuing their studies. 25 LETTER FROM KAAHUMANU TO MR. EVARTS. THE following letter was written by Kaahumanu in the Hawaiian language, in reply to one written her by Mr. Evarts in December, 1830, shortly before the termination of his labors as Corresponding Secretary. The writer, as the readers of this work are aware, is the highest chief at the islands, and has acted as regent during the minority of the king. She was one of the earliest converts, and among the first received to the mission church. The translation was made and the explanatory clauses inserted by Mr. Bingham. recent, and my brethren and my sisters of my own country, will all of us together take up the desire of Christ, [or what Christ wills or wishes] on this cluster of islands, with prayer to him for his aid that the rough places may by him be made plain, by his power through all these lands from Hawaii to Kauai. I and he whom I have brought up have indeed carried the word of our Lord through from Hawaii to Kauai, with the love of the heart towards God, was our journeying to proclaim to the people his love, and his word, and his law, and to tell the people to observe them. Thus was our proclaiming, not according to our own will, but according to the will of God, did we undertake it. Such is this thought of mine for you. Oahu, Sept. 11, 1831. Love to you Mr. Evarts, the director of missionaries, my first brother in Christ This is one more thought to make known Jesus. This is my thought for you and my to you. Make known my love to the brethjoy. I now abide by the voice of the ren in Christ, and to my beloved sisters in Savior, Jesus Christ, who hath redeemed Christ Jesus. This is my salutation to you me from death. I was dwelling in the eye- all. Pray ye all to God for all the lands of ball* of death, I was clothed and adorned dark hearts, and for the residue [unconin the glory and likeness of death. When verted] of all lands of enlightened hearts, I heard the voice of Jesus, as it sounded in and for us also; and thus will we, with our my ear, it was refreshing to my bosom, say-kindred here, all pray to God for the lands ing thus, "Come unto me all ye that labor and are heavy laden and I will give you rest." Again the voice of him said, "Whosoever is athirst let him come and drink of the water of life." Therefore I arose and came and prostrated myself beneath the shade of his feet, with my great trembling. Therefore do I bear his yoke, with this thought concerning myself, that I am not able to put forth strength adequate to carry his yoke, but of him is the ability, [to bear it,] his aid to me by night and by day; there am I continually abiding by his righteousness [excellence or glory] and his love to me. There do I set my love and my desire and the thoughts of my heart, and there on Jesus do I leave my soul; there shall my mouth and my tongue give praise continually during the life which I now live till entering into his everlasting glory. Such is this thought of mine for you. This is another thought of mine for you. I praise [or admire] the kindness of our Lord Jesus Christ in aiding us by several new teachers for us. They have arrived. We have seen their eyes and their cheeks, we have met with them in the presence of God, and in our own presence also, with praise to our common Lord for his preserving them on the ocean till they arrived here at Hawaii. Now we wait while they study the native language of Hawaii, when that is clear to them, then they will sow in the fields the good seed of eternal salvation. Then my former brethren, with these more *The word onohi may mean the ball, or the pupil of the eye, and it means also the central or upper part of a flame of fire. The figure is not very clear in the present case which is to me new. Probably their formal presentation to the chiefs of dark hearts, and for the residue [unconverted] of the lands of enlightened hearts, and for you also. Thus shall we and you unitedly call upon our common Lord, that the nations may in peace follow him, that his kingdom may be smooth and uninterrupted even to the ends of the earth; that all men may turn to him without dissent, and praise his everlasting name. That is my sentiment of love to you all. Great love to thee; our bodies will not meet in this world, but our thoughts do meet in this world, and hereafter, will our souls meet in the glory of the kingdom of our Lord Jesus Christ thy Savior and mine. This ends my communication to you. From [or by] ELIZABETH KAAHUMANU. With the circumstances of this school you are acquainted. The scholars board at home, except two, who board at Mr. Boudinot's. Many applications were made to us for board at the commencement of the school, but no scholars could be received. is here meant, as in the preceding phrase a place The school is taught in the council house, or time of worship is intended. |
