holders under Kellogg. They were therefore the north and west. Perceiving the gathdoomed to death. Six of them were seized ering of danger, Washington called a and carried away from their homes and council of war at his headquarters on murdered in cold blood. No one has been Harlem Heights, which was the deserted punished; and the conservative press of mansion the State denounced all efforts to that ried Mary Phillipse (see WASHINGTON, of Roger Morris, who marend, and boldly justified the crime." The House on March 1, 1875, by a strict party vote, 155 Republicans to 86 Democrats, recognized the Kellogg government. The Senate did the same on March 5, by 33 to 23, also a party vote. White Mountains, in New Hampshire, covering 1,300 square miles in several short ranges. In the Presidential range tower the peaks of Mounts Washington, 6,286 feet; Adams, 5,819; Jefferson, 5,736; Madison, 5,381; Monroe, 5,396; Jackson, and others. They were called Waumbek Methna by the Indians, a name adopted by Whittier in his ballad of Mary Garvin: "From the heart of Waumbek Methna. From the lake that never fails, Falls the Saco in the green lap Of Conway's intervales." Mount Washington has a carriage-road ascending its rocky slope to the summit. The first cog-rail mountain railway in the world was built to the summit in THE MORRIS HOUSE. GEORGE). Morris had espoused the cause of the crown, and fled from his mansion with his family. At that council, held Oct. 16, 1776, it was determined to extend the army be yond the King's Bridge into Westchester 1868-69, rising 3,730 feet in less than 3 county, abandoning the island, exceptmiles, the steepest grade being 131⁄2 inches ing the strong work known as Fort Wash in a yard. ington, on the highest point of the islWhite Plains, BATTLE AT. General and. Arranged in four divisions, under Howe dared not attack the intrenched coln, the army concentrated at the vil Generals Lee, Heath, Sullivan, and LinAmerican camp on Harlem Heights, so he attempted to gain the rear of Wash WASHINGTON'S HEADQUARTERS AT WHITE PLAINS. lage of White Plains, and formed an intrenched camp. The two armies were each about 13,000 strong. On the morning of Oct. 28, after a series of skirmishes, 1,600 men from Delaware and Maryland had taken post on Chatterton's Hill, a lofty eminence west of the Bronx. River, and to these General McDougall led reinforcements, with two pieces of cannon under Capt. Alexander Hamilton, and took the chief command there. Washington, with the rest of the army, was on the lower ground just north of the village. ington's army, and hem them in on the tack in two divisions, the right led by Sir The British army advanced to the atupper part of Manhattan Island. To do Henry Clinton and the left by Generals this he landed a considerable force at De Heister and Erskine. Howe was with Throgg's Point, Westchester county, and the latter. He had moved with great causent armed ships up the Hudson to cut off tion since his landing. Inclining his supplies for the Americans by water from army to the left, he planted almost twenty 346 field-pieces on the slope south of the vil- took its rise. He became intimately as lage, and under cover of these a bridge Whitefield, GEORGE, sociated in religious matters with John and Charles Wesley. In 1736 he was ordained deacon, and preached with such extraordinary effect the next Sunday that a complaint was made that he had driven fifteen persons mad. The same year the Wesleys accompanied Oglethorpe to Georgia, and in 1737 John Wesley invited Whitefield to join him in his work in America. He came in May, 1738; and after GEORGE WHITEFIELD. Whitehouse, JAMES HORTON, designer; 1833; came to the United States and settled in New York; and since 1858 has been connected with Tiffany & Co., jewellers. He designed the vase presented to William Cullen Bryant, and other notable artistic productions in silver. laboring four months, and perfecting plans for founding an orphan-house at Savannah, born in Staffordshire, England, Oct. 28, he returned to England to receive priest's orders and to collect funds for carrying out his benevolent plans. With more than $5,000 collected he returned to Savannah, and there founded an orphan-house and school, laying the first brick himself for the building, March 25, 1740. He named it "Bethesda "-a house of mercy. afterwards became eminently useful. It Maine, in the History of the New England States (4 volumes). Whitehouse, ROBERT TREAT, lawyer; born in Augusta, Me., March 27, 1870; Mr. Whitefield was early accustomed to and at Harvard Law School in 1893; was graduated at Harvard University in 1891, preach to large congregations assembled admitted to the bar in the same year; in the open air. He travelled and preach- elected attorney for Cumberland county, ed much in America. On Boston Common Me., in September, 1900. He is the auhe addressed 20,000 people at one time, thor of Equity Jurisdiction; Pleading and and was distinctly heard by all. Inde- Practice in Maine; and Constitutional, pendent in his theology, he did not entire- Judicial, and Commercial Histories of ly agree with anybody. Although he was active in the establishment of the Methodist denomination, he disagreed with Wesley on points of doctrine, and was finally an evangelist without the discipline of any denomination. Whitefield crossed the Atlantic many times, and made tours in America from Georgia to New Hampshire. In September, 1769, he started on his seventh tour there, and the day before his death he preached two hours at Exeter, N. H., and the same evening addressed a crowd in the open air at Newburyport. He died of asthma the next day in Newburyport, Mass., Sept. 30, 1770, and was buried under the pulpit Puten, England, in 1752; settled in PhilaWhiteside, PETER, patriot; born in delphia, where he became a prosperous merchant; advanced much of his wealth during the Revolutionary War to provide shoes for the American soldiers; and was sent by Washington to France to arrange for better trading facilities with the American colonies. In conjunction with his brother, William Whiteside, and Robert Morris, he sent to the East Indies the first merchant vessel from the Western Hemisphere to trade there. He died in Philadelphia, Pa., in December, of the Federal Street Church in that 1828. town. Whitehead, WILLIAM ADEE, historian; born in Newark, N. J., Feb. 19, 1810; became a surveyor and made a survey of Key West, Fla., in 1828; States customs collector there in 1830was United 38; then removed to New York and be founders of the Newark Library AssociaHe was one of the tion and was corresponding secretary of the New Jersey Historical Society from its establishment in 1845 till his death. He was the author of East Jersey Under came a stock-broker. in England in 1597; received a university Whitfield, HENRY, clergyman; born education; admitted to the bar, and afterwards took orders in the Church of Eng settled in New Haven in 1637; was one of land; emigrated to New England and the founders of Guilford, Conn., in 1639. minister in Winchester, where he died in He returned to England in 1650, and was 1658. He wrote A Farther Discovery of the Present State of the Indians in New England, etc. the Proprietary Governments; Papers of in Lancaster, Mass., about 1790; joined the Whiting, HENRY, military officer; born Lewis Morris, Governor of New Jersey; army in 1808; promoted first lieutenant Analytical Index to the Colonial Docu- in 1811; was placed on the staff of Gen. ments of New Jersey, in the State Paper John P. Boyd, and afterwards on that of Office in England; Biographical Sketch of Gen. Alexander Macomb; promoted capWilliam Franklin; Contributions to the tain in 1817; Early History of Perth Amboy, etc. was chief quartermaster Idied in Perth Amboy, N. J., Aug. 8, 1884. Mexican War; won distinction at Buena He of the army of General Taylor during the Vista, in recognition of which he was Joseph E. Johnston. He was a brigadierbrevetted brigadier-general, United States general in the battle of Bull Run, and was army, Feb. 23, 1847. His publications in- promoted major-general in 1863. He clude Ontway, the Son of the Forest (a built Fort Fisher, at the mouth of the poem); Life of Zebulon M. Pike, in Cape Fear River, and was in command Sparks's American Biography; joint au- during both attacks upon it (see FISHER, thor of Historical and Scientific Sketches FORT). He was severely wounded in its of Michigan, etc.; and editor of Washing- defence; was made prisoner by General ton's Revolutionary Orders Issued During Terry; and died of his wounds on Govthe Years 1778, 1780, 1781, and 1782, ernor's Island, New York, March 10, Selected from the MSS. of John Whiting. 1865. He died in St. Louis, Mo., Sept. 16, 1851. Whiting, NATHAN, military officer; born in Windham, Conn., May 4, 1724; graduated at Yale College in 1743; became a merchant in New Haven in 1745; appointed lieutenant-colonel of the 2d Connecticut Regiment at the outbreak of the French and Indian War in 1755; was with Col. Ephraim Williams when that officer was surprised by the French and Indians, and upon his death retreated with great coolness and skill; promoted colonel in 1756 and served to the close of the war. He died in New Haven, Conn., April 9, 1771. Whiting, WILLIAM HENRY, naval officer; born in New York City, July 8, 1843; graduated at the United States Naval Academy in 1863; was with the West Gulf Squadron on the flag-ship Hartford in 1863-65; won distinction by burning the blockade-runner Ivanhoe, though defended by the guns of Fort Morgan, July 5. 1864; raised the American flag at the fall of Fort Gaines; was present during the action of Mobile Bay and at the capitulation of Fort Morgan; he was promoted captain, June 19, 1897; went to the Philippines in command of the Monadnock in 1898; was in command of the cruiser Charleston when the insurrection began in the islands; participated in the battles around Manila, and was present in the action at Caloocan. In May, 1899, he was placed in command of the Boston, which he took to San Francisco; and in March, 1900, took command of the receiving-ship Independence. Whitman, MARCUS, pioneer; born in Rushville, N. Y., Sept. 4, 1802; studied medicine, and was made a medical missionary to Oregon by the American board in 1834. After living in Oregon a number of years he discovered that the English were discouraging American emigrants from settling there, and were colonizing it with English settlers. Late in 1842 he set out for Washington, D. C., and arriving there in March, 1843, gave the government valuable information which led to extensive colonization on the part of Americans, and in all probability kept Oregon from falling into the hands of the British. He, his wife, two adopted children, and ten others were killed by the Indians in Waulatpu, Or., Nov. 29, 1847. Whitman, WALT, poet; born in West Hills, Long Island, N. Y., May 31, 1819; received а public school education; learned the printer's trade; taught school for a time; and later learned the carpenter's trade. During the Civil War he was a nurse in the Federal military hospitals; and was a government clerk in 1865-73. He was editor of the Brooklyn Daily Eagle; a contributor to the Democratic Review; established The Freedman in 1850; and wrote Drum Taps; Leaves of Grass, etc. He died in Camden, N. J., March 26, 1892. Whitmer, DAVID, Mormon; born in Harrisburg, Pa., Jan. 7, 1805; became a farmer in Ontario county, N. Y., in 1829. In June of that year he, together with Oliver Cowdery and Joseph Smith, went into a woods near his home to investigate the alleged discovery of the golden plates of the Book of Mormon. While praying in a quiet place these men claimed a bright light shone around them and an angel appeared with seven golden plates which they were commanded to examine. They were, moreover, enjoined to tell their Whiting, WILLIAM HENRY CHASE, military officer; born in Mississippi about 1825; graduated at West Point in 1845, entered the engineer corps, and in February, 1861. left the National army and entered the Confederate service, as chief engineer with the rank of major, in the Army of the Shenandoah, under Gen. experience to the world. This they did in in one volume; studied art in Europe for a statement appended to the Book of Mor- four years; and established herself in mon, where it is written that they, Boston in 1872. Among her works are through the grace of God and our Lord statues of Samuel Adams, Lief Erikson, Jesus Christ, have seen the plates which etc., and busts of Ethiopia, Roma, etc. contain this record, which is the record of the people of Nephi." Whitney, EDWARD BALDWIN, lawyer; Mr. Whitmer born in New Haven, Conn., Aug. 16, 1857; withdrew from the Mormon Church in graduated at Yale University in 1878; June, 1838, and removed to Richmond, admitted to the bar in 1880; was assistMo. His reasons for leaving that body ant Attorney-General of the United States are contained in a publication entitled in 1893-97, in which capacity he parAn Address to all Believers in Christ. ticipated in the argument on the incomeThese include, the creation of high priests tax case, the Debs trial, etc. In 1898 in 1831; the making public of many rev- he secured the first decision against a elations; the formation of a tion of Danites in the Far West in 1838; eral anti-trust law, in the trial of the congrega- manufacturing monopoly under the fedthe doctrine of polygamy, etc. in Richmond, Mo., Jan. 25, 1888. He died Cast-Iron Pipe Trust. He is the author MORMONS. of The Advice and Consent of the Senate; Commercial Retaliation Between the States; Reciprocity Legislation; Income. Tax Decision; Federal Judges and Quasi Judges, etc. See Whitmore, WILLIAM HENRY, genealogist; born in Dorchester, Mass., Sept. 6, 1836; received a public school education, and engaged in business, devoting his spare time to historical research. publications include The American GeneHis alogist; Massachusetts Civil List, 16361774; Copp's Hill Epitaphs; History of the Old State House, etc. pared the Laws of Adoption; Revision of He also prethe City Ordinances (with Henry W. Putnam); Report of the State Scal, etc. Whitney, ADDISON O., soldier; born in Waldo, Me., Oct. 30, 1839: became a mechanic in Lowell, Mass.; and joined the 6th Massachusetts Volunteer Militia. He ac Whitney, ELI, inventor; born in West- United States adhered so firmly to the companied the regiment on its march to the defence of the national capital, and while passing through Baltimore, Md., April 19, 1861, was killed during the attack on the regiment by the mob. LUTHER C. LADD (born in Alexandria, N. H., Dec. 22, 1843), also a mechanic in Lowell and a comrade of Whitney, fell in the same attack, pierced by several bullets. These were the first casualties in the National duction on account of the labor that even So limited was the proarmy in the Civil War. The common- high prices did not stimulate its culti wealth of Massachusetts and the city of vation, and the entire cotton crop in the Lowell caused the remains of the two United States in 1791 was only about "first martyrs" to be placed beneath an 2,000,000 pounds. dedicated June 17, 1865. for one woman. The following year imposing monument of Concord granite, Whitney accepted an invitation to teach erected in Merrimac Square, Lowell, and the children of a Georgia planter. He are Whitney, ANNE, sculptor; born in General Greene, living near, gave the rived there too late, and the widow of Watertown, Mass., in September, 1821; young stranger a home in her house. He received a private school education; wrote displayed much inventive genius, which a number of poems which were collected Mrs. Greene encouraged. |