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89. In 86400 grains, how many scruples, drams, and ounces? A. 4320 scruples, 1440 drams, 180 ounces.

90. In 256 miles, 30 rods, how many rods? A. 81950. 91. In 81950 rods, how many miles? A. 256 m. 30 rods. 92. In 15 lea. 1 m. 6 fur. 28 rods, 4 yds. how many barley corns? A. 8903304.

93. In 8903304 barley corns, how many leagues? A. 15 lea. 1 m. 6 fur. 28 rods, 4 yds.

94. In 360 ells English, 4 qrs. 2 n. how many nails? A. 1804 qrs. 7218 na.

95. In 7218 na. how many ells English? A. 360 E. E. 4 qrs.. 2 na.

96. In 3000 E. Flemish, how many nails? A. 36000. 97. In 36000 nails, how many E. Flemish? A. 3000. 98. In 500 acres, how many roods? A. 2000.

99. In 2000 roods, how many acres? A. 500..

100. In 15 tons of hewn timber, how many solid inches? A. 1296000.

101. In 1296000 solid inches of hewn timber, how many tons? Ꭿ. 15.

102. In 20 cords of wood, how many solid inches? A. 4423680.

103. In 4423680 solid inches, how many cords of wood? A. 20.

104. In 500 bushels, 3 pecks, 7 qts. 1 pt. how many pints? A. 32063.

105. In 32063 pints, how many bushels? A. 500 bu. 3 pks, 7 qts. 1 pt. 106. In 20 tuns of wine, how many gills? A. 161280. 107. In 161280 gills of wine, how many tuns? 108. In 360 years, 300 days, 20 hours, 50 minutes, and 37 seconds, how many seconds? A. 11386731037.

A. 20.

109. In 11386731037 seconds, how many years? A. 360 yrs. 300 days, 20 hours, 50 minutes, and 37 seconds.

110. In 8 signs of the Zodiac, how many seconds? A. 864000.

111. In 20 purses, each containing 21 guineas, how many shillings, pence, and farthings? A. 11760 s. 141120 d. 564480

far.

112. In 5 ingots of silver, each 5 lbs. 6 oz. 20 grs., how many grains? A. 158500.

113. In 239130 grains, how many ingots, each 6 lbs. 11 oz. 15 grs.? A. 6.

114. A lady sent a tankard to a silversmith, that weighed 5 lbs. 3 oz. and ordered it to be made into spoons, each to weigh 2 oz. 2 pwts.; how many spoons did it make? A. 30.

115. A goldsmith, having 15 ingots of silver, each weighing 2 lbs. 7 oz. 3 pwts., which he wishes to make into bowls of 2 lbs.

8 oz., tankards of 1 lb. 10 oz., salts of 11 oz., and spoons of 1 oz. 15 pwts., and of each an equal number, how many will there be of each sort?

Bring 2 lbs. 8 oz., 1 lb. 10 oz., 11 oz., and 1 oz. 15 pwts., into pennyweights; add them up for a divisor; then bring 2 lbs. 7 oz. 3 pwts. into pennyweights, multiply by 15 for a dividend, divide, and the quotient will be the answer. A. 7.

116. In 26880 lbs. of sugar, how many hhds., each 12 cwt.?

Ꭿ. 20.

117. How many barley corns will reach round the globe, it being 360 degrees? A. 4755801600.

118. In running 300 miles, how many times will a wheel 9 feet 2 inches in circumference, turn round? A. 172800.

119. In 172800 turns of a wheel measuring 9 feet 2 inches, how many miles? A. 300.

120. How many times will a wheel, which is 15 feet 9 inches in circumference, turn round in going from Providence to Norwich, it being 45 miles? A. 15085+

121. A farmer rents a plantation of 400 acres, of which no more than 200 are to be tilled; how many poles are there in the remainder? A. 32000.

122. In a lunar month, of 27 days, 7 hours, 43 minutes, 5 seconds, how many seconds? A. 2360585.

123. How many seconds is it from the birth of our Saviour to Christmas, 1828, allowing the year to contain 365 days, or 365 days 6 hours? A. 57687292800.

124. When a person is 21 years old, how many seconds old is he? A. 662709600.

125. It is supposed the wars of Bonaparte, in 20 years, caused the death of 2000000 of persons; how many was this per hour, allowing the year to contain 365 days 6 hours? A. 117148

COMPOUND ADDITION.

XXX. 1. William bought an arithmetic for 2 s. 6 d., and an inkstand for 6 d.; how many shillings did both cost? 2. Harry purchased a vest; the cloth and making cost 5 s., the buttons 9 d., and the thread 3 d. ; how much did the vest cost?

3. William, Harry, and Thomas gathered some nuts; and when they measured them, it was found that William had 2

qts. and 1 pt., Harry 3 qts. 1 pt., and Thomas 2 qts.; how~~~ many pecks did they gather in all?

4. How many pecks are 3 qts. +1 qt.+4 qts.? 5. How many yards are 2 qrs. +3 qrs.+3 qrs.? 6. How many gallons are 1 qt.+2 qts. + 1 qt.? 7. How many pence are 1 qr.+3 qrs. +1 qr.? 8. How many shillings are 3 d.+8d.+1d.? 9. How many pounds are 10 s. 18 s.+12 s.? 10. How many hours are 50 m.+20 m. 10m.? 11. How many feet are 4 in. +10 in. +11 in.? 12. How many minutes in 45 sec. +15 sec. +10 sec.? 13. How many pounds in 8 oz. +12 oz. +12 oz.? 14. How many bushels in 1 pk.+3 pks.+2 pks.?

15. Sold a Virgil, that cost me 12 s. 6 d., so as to gain 1s. 6d.; how much did I get for it?

Q. What is this, which you have now been doing, called?
A. Compound Addition.

Q. Why do you call it Compound? why not Simple Addition?
A. Because there are more denominations than

one.

Q. What do you mean by more denominations than one?

A. Shillings, pence, &c. in one sum; pecks, quarts, pints, &c. in another sum.

Q. What, then, is the collecting numbers of different denominations into one sum called?

A. Compound Addition.

Operation by Slate illustrated.

1. A man bought a cart for 6 £ 12 s. 3 d., a load of hay for 3 £ 9s. 7 d., and a cow for 4 £ 4 s. 1 d.; what did he pay for the whole?

[blocks in formation]

Q. How do you write the numbers down?

A. Pounds under pounds, shillings under shillings, &c.

Q. How do you get the 11 d. in the

answer?

[blocks in formation]

A. Adding up the column of shillings, I find it makes 25 s. = 1£5 s. (for 20 s. in 25, 1 time, and 5 over), writing the 5 s. under the column of shillings.

Q. What is to be done with the 1£?

A. I must, of course, add pounds to pounds, and, to do this, I join, or carry, it to the next column, which is pounds. Q. How do you get the 14 £?

A. Adding up the column of pounds makes 13 pounds, and 1 £ (to carry) makes 14 £.

From these illustrations we derive the following

RULE.

Q. How do you place the numbers to be added?

A. Pounds under pounds, shillings under shillings, drams under drams, &c.

Q. At which hand do you begin to add?
A. At the right.

Q. How do you add up the first column?
A. As in Simple Addition.

Q. What do you divide the amount by?

A. By as many of this denomination as make one of the next higher, as in Reduction.

Q. What do you do with the remainder?

A. Write it underneath.

Q. What do you carry to the next column?

A. The quotient.

Q. How long do you proceed in this way?

A. Till I come to the last column.

Q. How do you proceed with this?

A. Add it up, and set the whole amount down,

as in Simple Addition.

PROOF. Q. What is the proof?

A. The same as in Simple Addition.

More Exercises for the Slate.

2. Bought a cart for 2£ 15 s., a plough for 18 s.; how much did both cost? A. 3£ 13 s.

3. Bought a coat for 5£ 6s., a watch for 1 £ 19 s.; how much did they come to? A. 7£5 s.

4. A man bought one load of hay for 6£ 3 s. and another for 7 £15 s. 6 d.; how much did he give for both? A. 13 £ 18 s. 6 d.

5. Sold an ox for 10 £ 15 s. 6 d., a cow for 6 £ 19 s. 11 d.,

a

horse for 12 £ 6 s. 4 d.; how much money did I receive? A. 30 £ 1 s. 9 d.

6. Bought of a grocer 3 gals. 2 qts. of rum, 5 gals. 3 qts. of gin, and 4 gals. 1 qt. of molasses; how many gallons did I buy in all A. 13 gals. 2 qts.

7. Sold 4 hhds. of molasses, the first of which contained 42 gals. 2 qts. 1 pt., the second 65 gals. 0 qt. 1 pt., the third 50 gals. qts., and the fourth 55 gals. I qt. 1 pt.; how much was sold in all? A. 213 gals. 3 qts. 1 pt.

8. A grocer sold 4 hhds. of sugar, weighing as follows; the first 7 cwt. 1 qr. 14 lbs., the second 5 cwt. 2 qrs. 10 lbs., the third 9 cwt. 1 qr. 15 lbs., the fourth 7 cwt. 1 qr. 10 lbs.; what did the whole weigh? A. 29 cwt. 2 qrs. 21 lbs.

9. A merchant bought 4 pieces of cloth, the first containing 20 yds. 3 qrs. I na., the second 15 yds. 3 qrs. 1 na., the third 26 yds., and the fourth 10 yds. 1 qr. 3 na.; how many yards did he buy in all? A. 73 yds. 0 qr. I na.

10. A man bought 3 bu. 3 pks. of wheat at one time, 6 bu. at another time, 7 bu. 2 pks. 7 qts. at a third, and 4 bu. 1 pk. 6 qts. at a fourth; how many bushels did he buy in all?

3 pks. 5 qts.

1

A. 21 bu.

11. A man bought two loads of hay, one weighing 19 cwt. and the other 18 cwt. 2 qrs.; how much did both weigh? A. 37 cwt. 3 qrs.

gr.,

12. A man travelled in one day 27 miles, 3 fur., in another day 30 m. 2 fur. 25 rods; how far did he travel in all? A. 57 m. 5 fur. 25 rods.

13. A merchant bought 3 bales of cotton; the first contained 4 cwt. 3 qrs. 18 lbs., the second 3 cwt. 1 qr. 5 lbs., and the third 5 cwt. 0 qr. 24 lbs.; what was the weight of the whole? A. 13 cwt. 1 qr. 19 lbs.

14. A man has 3 farms; the first containing 150 acres, 2 roods, 25 rods; the second, 200 acres, 1 rood, 15 rods; and the third, 100 acres, 1 rood, 10 rods; how many acres has he in all ? A. 451 acres, 1 rood, 10 rods.

15. William resided in Providence, his native place, till he was 15 yrs. 6 mo. 4 days old; he then went to Boston, where he resided 7 yrs. 2 m. 2 da.; from Boston he emigrated to Salem, where he remained 4 yrs. 3 da.; from Salem he went to Portsmouth, and resided there two years precisely: now, how much time did he spend in these places in all? A. 28 yrs. 8 m 1 w. 2 d

16. A man brings to market 3 loads of wood; the first containing 1 cord, 64 feet, S64 in.; the second 2 cords, 63 ft. 64 in.; and the third 1 cord, 60 ft. 931 in.; how much did he bring in all? A. 5 cords, 60 ft. 131 inches.

17. A goldsmith bought 4 ingots of silver, the first of which

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