OCCASIONAL PAPERS

ENGINEER SCHOOL
UNITED STATES ARMY

A RÉSUMÉ OF THE OPERATIONS

IN THE

FIRST AND SECOND DISTRICTS

MISSISSIPPI RIVER

IMPROVEMENT
1882-1901

WITH SUPPLEMENT CONTAINING
PLATES I TO LXXIII

BY

E. EVELETH WINSLOW
Major, Corps of Engineers
United States Army

WASHINGTON BARRACKS, D. C.

PRESS OF THE ENGINEER SCHOOL

PART I

Brief Description of the Mississippi River and Its Forces..

List of Officers in charge of First and Second Districts....

Formation of the Mississippi River Commission, Plans and Policy....

Contraction Works, Dikes in Plum Point Reach, 1881-1884...

Contraction Works, Dikes in Plum Point Reach, 1885-1892..

Contraction Works, Gold Dust Dam, 1893-1900...

Contraction Works, Experimental Triangular Frame Dikes, 1898-1901

Contraction Works, General Results and Conclusions..

PART II

Bank Revetment, Early Work at Memphis, 1878-1882..

Bank Revetment, Work in Plum Point Reach, 1881-1884.

Bank Revetment, Work in Memphis Harbor, 1882-1892.

Bank Revetment, Work in Plum Point Reach, 1888-1892.

Page.

1-36

2

36-48

48-73

73-80

81-89

89-100

100-107

108-117

117-132

133-165

165-176

PART III

Bank Revetment, Spur Dikes at Memphis, Columbus, Helena, and

other localities...

177-189

Bank Revetment, Introduction of Fascine Mattress, 1892.

189,190

Bank Revetment, Construction of the present Standard Type of Work;

Page.

21

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

--

No. 1. Shows caving bank near Caruthersville, April, 1899, looking up-

stream

No. 2. Shows caving bank at Caruthersville, 1898, looking downstream.

View taken from steamboat..

No. 3. Shows caving bank at Caruthersville, 1898, looking downstream

from top of bank.....

No. 4. Shows caving bank at Caruthersville, 1898, looking upstream....

No. 5. Shows caving bank at Caruthersville, 1898; view taken near water

surface

No. 6. Shows caving bank near Caruthersville, April, 1899.....

No. 7. Shows cave behind the upper end of the revetment of 1889 at

Daniels Point. Taken at low water of 1893..

35

No. 8. Shows different stages of the upper bank revetment...

137

No. 9. Shows construction of fascine mattress at Ashport Bend in 1893.. 139

No. 10. An overhang is made on the mat barge to lap the mat on the

bank

141

No. 11. Shows construction of fascine mattress at Caruthersville, 1898..

No. 12. Shows ballasted mattress built at Osceola Bar, 1900, to repair

fault in revetted bank.....

143

255

No. 13. Shows sinking mat at Fletchers Bend in 1899..

No. 14. Sinking fascine mattress at Memphis, 1898..

257

259

VI.-Map of Plum Point Reach, 1881, Showing Project for Contraction

Works. (See page 50.)

VII.-Types of Dike Work, Plum Point Reach, 1881 and 1882. (See

pages 50 to 52.)

VIII.-Dike in Gold Dust Chute, 1882. (See page 53.)

IX.-Type of Dike Work, Plum Point Reach, 1883, First Half. (See

page 55.)

X.-Type of Dike Work, Plum Point Reach, 1883, Second Half. (See

(See page 83.)

(See page 88.)

XIII.-Type of Dike Work, Plum Point Reach, 1884. (See page 63.)

XIV. Details of Gold Dust Dam. (See page 82.)

XV.-Settlement of Gold Dust Dam.

XVI.-Map of Gold Dust Chute, 1900.

XVII.-Map of Gold Dust Dam, 1899 and 1900. (See pages 85 and 88.)

XVIII.-Details of Triangular Frame Dikes. (See page 90.)

XIX.-Map near Point Pleasant, Mo., 1898. (See page 94.)

XX.-Map of Point Pleasant Dikes, 1899 and 1900.

and 96.)

XXI.-Dikes at Cherokee. (See pages 60, 97, and 98.)

XXII.-Dikes at Ashport Bar, 1900. (8

(See pages 95

(See pages 98 and 99.)

XXIII.-Dikes at Elmot Bar, 1901. (See pages 99 and 100.)

XXIV.-Revetment at Memphis, 1878-1882. (See pages 52, 110, and 116.)

XXV.-Screen Dikes at Memphis, 1880. (See page 116.)

XXVI.-Details of Mat Construction, Plum Point Reach, 1882-1884.

pages 118 and 121.)

(See

XXVII.-Map of Plum Point Reach, 1883. (See pages 35, 60, and 123.)

XXVIII.-Work at Upper Osceola Bar, 1882. (See pages 51, 52, and 123.)

XXIX.-Work at Bullerton Bar, 1882. (See page 123.)

XXX.-Work at Upper Osceola Bar, 1883, First Half. (See pages 56, 57,

and 124.)

XXXI.-Work at Upper Osceola Bar, 1883, Second Half.

60 and 124.)

(See pages

XXXII.-Work at Bullerton Bar, 1883, First Half. (See pages 57 and 124.)

XXXIII.-Work at Bullerton Bar, 1883, Second Half. (See pages 60 and

125.)

XXXIV.-Work at Osceola Bar, 1884. (See pages 62, 125, and 126.)

XXXV.-Work at Bullerton Bar and Plum Point, 1884.

63, 65, 126, and 127.)

XXXVI.-Work at Fletchers Bend, 1884. (See page 128.)

(See pages 60, 62,

XXXVII.-Sketches Showing Growth of Memphis Sand Bar. (See page 162.)

XXXVIII.-Details of Memphis Dikes. (See page 179.)