9. I know not why I have been laughed at by you. persuaded myself, thus do I feel that our minds are not mortal. Who believes that the citizens will object to peace? 12. Who is always confident that that which is frail and perishing will remain steadfast and firm? 13. The glory of the Romans has remained till our time. 14. Lycurgus commanded that all citizens should eat in

common.

EXERCISE 140.-ENGLISH-LATIN.

1. Soleo de amicorum meorum fortuna gaudere. 2. Gavisi sunt. 3. Gaudebunt. 4. Sorores meæ gavise sunt. 5. Fortuna fortibus hominibus arridet. 6. Putasne fortunam fortibus arrisuram esse? 7. Nego fortunam fortibus semper arridere. 8. Deridet philosophum. 9. Cur philosophus a puero deridetur? 10. Non est dubium quin philosophi a stultissimis derisi sint. 11. Oratores student excitos civium animos permulcere. 12. Persuasum est mihi oratores excitos hominum animos permulcere debent. 13. Napoleone regnante, tota Europa bello arsit.

Fable.-The Kid and the Wolf.

A kid, standing on the roof of a house, abused a wolf who was passing by. To whom the wolf said, "Not you, but the roof has abused me.' Place and opportunity often render timid men bold. Fable.-The Crane and the Peacock.

A peacock, spreading out his feathers in the presence of a crane, said, "How great is my beauty and your ugliness!" But the crane, flying forth, said, " And how great is my swiftness and your slow ness!" This fable warns us not, on account of any good which Nature has allotted to us, to despise others, on whom Nature has bestowed

other advantages, and perhaps greater ones.

THE UNIVERSITIES.-VI.

DUBLIN UNIVERSITY.—I.

THE University of Dublin differs in two important respects from the sister universities of Oxford and Cambridge. 1st. It consists of but one college, "The College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity." 2ndly. Residence is not necessary in order to obtain a degree.

The one college, however, in Dublin University is much larger and wealthier in endowments than any college in the other universities, having generally about 1,300 students on its books; and the non-requirement of residence enables persons of limited means, and who may be engaged in some occupation, to obtain a degree, who might not be able to do so at all if residence were a sine quâ non. In our remarks on this university, we propose first to explain, as simply as possible, the ordinary course required to obtain the B.A. and higher degrees, and then to enumerate the various rewards that can be obtained in Trinity College, and the encouragements in the way of prizes which are peculiarly acceptable to students of moderate means, as either affording them an opportunity to pass through college at a reduced rate, or giving them the means to meet the requisite expenses.

The first thing which one seeking for a degree wants to know is, how he is to become a member of the college, and therefore we commence with an explanation of the mode of "entrance," or "matriculation," as it is technically called. Every candidate for entrance into Trinity College, Dublin, must pass "Entrance Examination," which is usually held in the months of January, April, June, October, and November. The precise dates are given each year in the University Calendar, or can be

the

obtained by application to "The Senior Lecturer, Trinity College,

Dublin." Before "entering," each candidate has to select some one of the college tutors (who are always fellows) to be his tutor; not that he is in any ordinary sense to receive tuition from him, but the college tutor is the medium of communication between the student and the board during his college course, and is ready at all times to obtain information for and advise his pupils. There is no payment to the tutor further than what is included in the ordinary college fees, to which we shall presently refer.

Having resolved to enter, and selected and been accepted by a particular tutor, the candidate presents himself for entrance, and is examined in the following course:-Latin and English Composition, Arithmetic, English History, Modern Geography, Algebra (the first four rules and fractions), and any two Greek and two Latin books of their own choice from the following list:

Greek.

1. Homer, "Iliad." Books v., vi., vii.

3. Euripides, "Phœnissa."
4. Sophocles, "Antigone."

5. Plato, "Apologia Socratis."
6. Lucian, Walker's "Selections."

7. Xenophon, "Anabasis." Books i., ii., iii.
Latin.

1. Virgil, "Eneid." Books i., ii., iii., vi., vii. 2. Horace, "Odes."

3. Horace, "Satires" and "Epistles." 4. Sallust.

5. Livy. Books iv., v.

6. Terence," Phormio" and "Hecyra."

Having "passed" the entrance examination, the student becomes a Junior Freshman, and before we proceed to explain the rest of his course, we will mention the fees which have to be paid at entrance by ordinary students.

Each successful candidate must pay £15 within twelve days after his examination, in order to have his name placed on the college books; and his half-year's fees, due on the 22nd of March and 22nd of September in each year, until he obtains his B.A. degree, are £8 8s. These charges include all payments of every kind for non-resident students. Those who reside in college) have to pay additional fees for their rooms, their commons (i.e., their dining in the "Common" Hall), and their personal

expenses.

During his first year in college, a man is designated a Junior Freshman; during the second, a Senior Freshman; during the third, a Junior Sophister; during the fourth, a Senior Sophister at the end of which he may pass his degree examination and become a B.A.

A "year" in university language does not mean a calendar year, but the period from October 10th to the following 30th June; the remaining portion of the year being the long vacation The college year consists of three "Terms." Michaelmas Tern begins on the 10th of October and ends on the 20th of December Hilary Term begins on the 20th of January and ends on the Feas of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin, St. Mary; Trinit Term begins on the 15th of April and ends on the 30th of Jun Each of these terms can be "kept" by those who reside in near college attending the Term Lectures, or by those wh cannot attend lectures passing the Term Examination, which held in the Examination Hall, and generally lasts two or thr days. Having entered and been enrolled as a Junior Freshma a student, to rise to the class of Senior Freshman, must ke one term at least by examination.

Mathematics.-Euclid, Arithmetic, and Algebra, as befor Trigonometry, to end of solution of Plane Triangles. Classics.-Book viii. of Herodotus, and Book xxi. of Lavy. Having kept one of the above terms by passing the examin tion, the student will become a Senior Freshman. The stude can always ascertain from the calendar, or from his tutor, dates fixed for the Term Examination.

To rise to the class of Junior Sophister, the student must på the "General Examination of Senior Freshmen," held at commencement of Michaelmas Term. Before, however, he w be allowed to go up for this examination, he must have ke three terms as a Freshman: one of these (as already pointed

must be by passing a Term Examination in his Junior Freshman year; one must be in the Senior Freshman year, either by passing the Term Examination or attending the Term Lectures; and the third may be in either year, kept either by lectures or examination. The lectures delivered during one term are on the subjects which form the examination of the following term. We subjoin here a list of the subjects of examination for each term in the Senior Freshman year, including the Michaelmas Examination, which must be passed by all students to rise from the Senior Freshman to the Sophister Class, and which is commonly called the "little go" examination, as distinct from the final degree examination at the end of the Senior Sophister year, which is known as the "great go."

Hilary Term.-Genesis, and the first twenty chapters of Exodus.

Trinity Term.-Joshua, Judges, Ruth, the two Books of Samuel, and the two Books of Kings.

Michaelmas Term.-The Messianic Prophecies of Isaiah, Jeremiah, Daniel, Micah, Zechariah, and Malachi.

Before being allowed to present himself for his B.A. examinaon, which is held in the Michaelmas Term of the Senior Sophister year, the student must have kept one term by examinain his Junior Sophister year, and one term (either by examition or lectures) in his Senior Sophister year, and one in either ior or Junior Sophister year (either by examination or lectures). The subjects for examination during the Junior Sophister

fear are:

Classics. * Adelphi." Physics Mechanics, Galbraith and Haughton's "Manual." Logic, Locke, and Cousin.-The same as in Senior Freshman

Sophocles, 'Edipus Tyrannus;" Terence,

Hilary Lectures, and Trinity Examination. Classics.-Demosthenes, "De Coronâ;" Juvenal, "Satires," viii., X., xiii.

Physics.-Mechanics, same as before.

Trinity Lectures, and Michaelmas Examination.

Classics. "Satires."

Eschylus, "Prometheus Vinctus;" Horace, Physics.-Mechanics, same as before; Hydrostatics, Galbraith and Haughton's "Manual;" Lloyd's "Optics." Astronomy.-Same as before.

Logic, Locke, and Cousin.-Same as before.

Those Junior Sophisters who desire to do so may present themselves for examination in the following course of Experimental Physics, instead of the classical course given above:Hilary.

Heat.-1. Dilatation of Solids, Liquids, and Gases. 2. Specific and Latent Heat. 3. Radiation and Conduction of Heat.

c

=

dusive, and xiv., xvi., and xviii.

Logic, Locke, and Cousin.-Same as before.

we have x=750

3 x 750 375

=

ab

On restoring the numbers,

c

744. Ans.

9. I know not why I have been laughed at by you. 10. Thus have I persuaded myself, thus do I feel that our minds are not mortal. 11. Who believes that the citizens will object to peace ? 12. Who is always confident that that which is frail and perishing will remain steadfast and firm? 13. The glory of the Romans has remained till our time. 14. Lycurgus commanded that all citizens should eat in

common.

EXERCISE 140.-ENGLISH-LATIN.

1. Soleo de amicorum meorum fortuna gaudere. 2. Gavisi sunt. 3. Gaudebunt. 4. Sorores meæ gavisæ sunt. 5. Fortuna fortibus hominibus arridet. 6. Putasne fortunam fortibus arrisuram esse ? 7. Nego fortunam fortibus semper arridere. 8. Deridet philosophum. 9. Cur philosophus a puero deridetur? 10. Non est dubium quin philosophi a stultissimis derisi sint. 11. Oratores student excitos civium animos permulcere. 12. Persuasum est mihi oratores excitos hominum animos permulcere debent. 13. Napoleone regnante, tota Europa bello arsit.

Fable.-The Kid and the Wolf.

A kid, standing on the roof of a house, abused a wolf who was passing by. To whom the wolf said, "Not you, but the roof has abused me.' Place and opportunity often render timid men bold. Fable.-The Crane and the Peacock.

A peacock, spreading out his feathers in the presence of a crane, said, "How great is my beauty and your ugliness!"' But the crane, flying forth, said, And how great is my swiftness and your slowness!" This fable warns us not, on account of any good which Nature has allotted to us, to despise others, on whom Nature has bestowed other advantages, and perhaps greater ones.

THE UNIVERSITIES.-VI.

DUBLIN UNIVERSITY.—I.

THE University of Dublin differs in two important respects from the sister universities of Oxford and Cambridge. 1st. It consists of but one college, "The College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity." 2ndly. Residence is not necessary in order to obtain a degree.

The one college, however, in Dublin University is much larger and wealthier in endowments than any college in the other universities, having generally about 1,300 students on its books; and the non-requirement of residence enables persons of limited means, and who may be engaged in some occupation, to obtain a degree, who might not be able to do so at all if residence were a sine quâ non. In our remarks on this university, we propose first to explain, as simply as possible, the ordinary course required to obtain the B.A. and higher degrees, and then to enumerate the various rewards that can be obtained in Trinity College, and the encouragements in the way of prizes which are peculiarly acceptable to students of moderate means, as either affording them an opportunity to pass through college at a reduced rate, or giving them the means to meet the requisite

expenses.

The first thing which one seeking for a degree wants to know is, how he is to become a member of the college, and therefore we commence with an explanation of the mode of "entrance," or "matriculation," as it is technically called. Every candidate for entrance into Trinity College, Dublin, must pass the "Entrance Examination," which is usually held in the months of January, April, June, October, and November. The precise dates are given each year in the University Calendar, or can be

obtained by application to "The Senior Lecturer, Trinity College,

Dublin." Before "entering," each candidate has to select some one of the college tutors (who are always fellows) to be his tutor; not that he is in any ordinary sense to receive tuition from him, but the college tutor is the medium of communication between the student and the board during his college course, and is ready at all times to obtain information for and advise his pupils. There is no payment to the tutor further than what is included in the ordinary college fees, to which we shall presently refer.

Having resolved to enter, and selected and been accepted by a particular tutor, the candidate presents himself for entrance, and is examined in the following course:-Latin and English Composition, Arithmetic, English History, Modern Geography, Algebra (the first four rules and fractions), and any two Greek and two Latin books of their own choice from the following list:

Greek.

1. Homer, "Iliad." Books v., vi., vii.

1. Virgil," Æneid." Books i., ii., iii., vi., vii. 2. Horace, "Odes."

3. Horace, "Satires" and "Epistles." 4. Sallust.

5. Livy. Books iv., v.

6. Terence," Phormio" and "Hecyra." "passed Having the entrance examination, the student becomes a Junior Freshman, and before we proceed to explain the rest of his course, we will mention the fees which have to be paid at entrance by ordinary students.

Each successful candidate must pay £15 within twelve days after his examination, in order to have his name placed on the college books; and his half-year's fees, due on the 22nd of March and 22nd of September in each year, until he obtains his B.A. degree, are £8 8s. These charges include all payments of every kind for non-resident students. Those who reside in college have to pay additional fees for their rooms, their commons (i.e., their dining in the "Common" Hall), and their personal expenses.

During his first year in college, a man is designated a Junior Freshman; during the second, a Senior Freshman; during the third, a Junior Sophister; during the fourth, a Senior Sophister at the end of which he may pass his degree examination and become a B.A.

A "year" in university language does not mean a calendar year, but the period from October 10th to the following 30th June; the remaining portion of the year being the long vacation The college year consists of three "Terms." Michaelmas Tern begins on the 10th of October and ends on the 20th of December Hilary Term begins on the 20th of January and ends on the Feas of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin, St. Mary; Trinit Term begins on the 15th of April and ends on the 30th of Jan Each of these terms can be "kept" by those who reside in near college attending the Term Lectures, or by those wh cannot attend lectures passing the Term Examination, which held in the Examination Hall, and generally lasts two or thre days. Having entered and been enrolled as a Junior Freshma a student, to rise to the class of Senior Freshman, must ke one term at least by examination.

Michaelmas Term. Mathematics.-Euclid, Arithmetic, and Algebra, as befor Trigonometry, to end of solution of Plane Triangles.

Classics.-Book viii. of Herodotus, and Book xxi. of Lavy. Having kept one of the above terms by passing the examin tion, the student will become a Senior Freshman. The stude can always ascertain from the calendar, or from his tutor, dates fixed for the Term Examination.

To rise to the class of Junior Sophister, the student must pa the "General Examination of Senior Freshmen," held at commencement of Michaelmas Term. Before, however, he w be allowed to go up for this examination, he must have ke three terms as a Freshman: one of these (as already pointed

must be by passing a Term Examination in his Junior Freshman year; one must be in the Senior Freshman year, either by passing the Term Examination or attending the Term Lectures; and the third may be in either year, kept either by lectures or examination. The lectures delivered during one term are on the subjects which form the examination of the following term. We subjoin here a list of the subjects of examination for each term in the Senior Freshman year, including the Michaelmas Examination, which must be passed by all students to rise from the Senior Freshman to the Sophister Class, and which is commonly called the "little go" examination, as distinct from the final degree examination at the end of the Senior Sophister year, which is known as the "great go."

SENIOR FRESHMAN CLASS.

Hilary Term.

Mathematics.-Same as in Junior Freshman Michaelmas

Examination.

Logic-Walker's edition of "Murray."

Classics.-Plato's "Apologia Socratis," and "The Orations of Cicero against Catiline."

Trinity Term.

Mathematics.-Same as before.

Logic.-Same as before. Locke's "Essay," Introduction and Books ii. and iii. (omitting, in Book ii., sec. 10-20 of chap. i; sec. 10 to end of chap. xiii.; chap. xv.; sec. 11-71 of chap. xxi.; chap. xxx. and xxxii.; and chap. vi. of Book iii.). Classics.-Homer, " Iliad," Book xxiv.; Virgil, "Æneid," Books iv. and v.

Michaelmas Examination.

Mathematics.-Same as before.

Logic.-Logic and Locke as before, with Fourth Book of Locke; M. Cousin's "Psychology" (Henry's translation), first dre chapters.

Classics-Thucydides, Book ii.; Tacitus, "Germany" and

Agricola."

In addition to the examinations already explained, all students (except Roman Catholics and Dissenters) must pass four Catethetical Examinations, one of which must be in the Junior Freshman year, and two in the Senior Freshman year. The Catechetical Examinations are held each term immediately after the ordinary Term Examinations, in the following subjects:

JUNIOR FRESHMEN.

Hilary Term.-The Gospel according to St. Luke.
Trinity Term.-The Acts of the Apostles.

Michaelmas Term.-Archbishop Secker's "Lectures on the Creed" (Lectures on the Church Catechism, vi. to xvii. incl.).

SENIOR FRESHMEN.

Hilary Term.-Genesis, and the first twenty chapters of Exodus.

Trinity Term. Joshua, Judges, Ruth, the two Books of Samuel, and the two Books of Kings.

Michaelmas Term.-The Messianic Prophecies of Isaiah, Jeremiah, Daniel, Micah, Zechariah, and Malachi.

Before being allowed to present himself for his B.A. examinaim, which is held in the Michaelmas Term of the Senior Bophister year, the student must have kept one term by examinain his Junior Sophister year, and one term (either by examitation or lectures) in his Senior Sophister year, and one in either Sior or Junior Sophister year (either by examination or lectures). The subjects for examination during the Junior Sophister

year are:-

Hilary Lectures, and Trinity Examination. Classics-Demosthenes, "De Coronâ;" Juvenal, "Satires," Ë, viii., X., xiii.

Physics.-Mechanics, same as before.

Classics. "Satires."

Trinity Lectures, and Michaelmas Examination. Eschylus, "Prometheus Vinctus;" Horace, Physics.-Mechanics, same as before; Hydrostatics, Galbraith and Haughton's "Manual;" Lloyd's "Optics." Astronomy.-Same as before.

Logic, Locke, and Cousin.-Same as before.

Those Junior Sophisters who desire to do so may present themselves for examination in the following course of Experimental Physics, instead of the classical course given above:— Hilary.

Heat.-1. Dilatation of Solids, Liquids, and Gases. 2. Specific and Latent Heat. 3. Radiation and Conduction of Heat.

170. In the reduction of an equation, as well as in other parts of algebra, a complicated process can often be rendered more simple, by using letters for the given numbers, and also by introducing a new letter which shall be made to represent a whole algebraic expression. This process is called SUBSTITUTION. After the algebraic operation is completed, the numbers, or the compound quantity for which a single letter has been substituted, must be restored, in order to obtain the numerical value.

EXAMPLE.-Reduce

ab

=

1. Now,

On restoring the numbers,